信息-数据二维视角下的数据权属体系构建

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.2022074

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 数据确权是数据要素市场化体系建设中亟待解决的基础性问题。从信息与数据二维视角出发，对信息与数据的概念和特点进行剖析和甄别，并在此基础上提出通过信息主体与数据管理主体分类来构建数据权属体系的方法。所提方法设想如下：①信息是实质内容，数据是信息的载体，个人、组织与其他物质都是信息内容产生的主体，个人和组织是信息的所有者；②个人或组织对其以某种形式记录信息形成的数据，拥有数据管理的权利与义务；③在现行法律框架与客观实践下，数据所有权应归国家所有，数据管理主体拥有数据有限的占有、使用、收益和处分的权利，同时需履行相应义务保障信息主体权益。

关键词: 数据权属, 所有权, 人格权, 财产权

Abstract: Data rights confirmation system has become a fundamental issue in establishing a market-based system for data elements. From a dual-dimensional perspective, the distinctions between information and data regarding their concepts and characteristics were discussed, on this basis, a method was proposed to construct a data right confirmation system by classifying information subjects and data management subjects. This procedure underlies the construction of data rights confirmation system. Studies show that: (1) information is content substance while data is the carrier of information. Individuals, organizations and other entities are the subjects of information content production, and individuals, organizations are the owners of information; (2) Individuals or organizations have the rights and obligations of data management for the data formed by recording information in some form; (3) In accordance with the current legal frame work and objective practice, data ownership shall belong to the State, while data management subjects have limited rights to possess, use, seek profits from and dispose of data, meanwhile ought to perform corresponding obligations to protect the rights and interests of information subjects.

顾勤, 周涛, 钟书丽, 秦之湄, 张瑶瑶, 陈祎. 信息-数据二维视角下的数据权属体系构建[J]. 大数据, doi: 10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.2022074.

GU Qin, ZHOU Tao, ZHONG Shuli, QIN Zhimei, ZHANG Yaoyao, CHEN Yi. Construction of data rights system from information-data two-dimensional perspective[J]. Big Data Research, doi: 10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.2022074.

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