大数据技术在疫情精准防控中的应用

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.2021009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以X市为例，针对超大城市的实际情况，基于大数据处理和分析方法，提出了基于“四标四实”数据建设疫情防控大数据库，并通过大数据技术辅助疫情防控的思路，建立了一套疫情态势实时感知、人员精准管控、企业精准帮扶的系统，对该系统中的数据建设状况和采用的关联规则挖掘算法、基于期望最大化概率聚类的感染预警机制和基于文本挖掘的非结构化数据利用策略等具体技术手段做了详细分析。该系统节约基层人力十余万小时、准确定位并跟踪到了重点人群上万人，为阻断疫情感染、提升企业复工复产率、减少经济损失起到了巨大作用，对各地通过大数据技术辅助疫情防控具有较大的借鉴意义。

关键词: 疫情防控, 大数据分析, 四标四实

Abstract:

Taking City X as an example, based on the actual situation of a mega-city, big data processing and analysis methods, a large database for epidemic situation prevention and control based on “four standards and four realities” data was built. And through big data technology, to assist epidemic situation prevention and control, a system of real-time awareness of the epidemic situation, precise personnel control, and precise enterprise assistance was built. The specific technical methods were analyzed in detail, such as the data construction status in the system, the association rule mining algorithm adopted, the infection warning mechanism based on expectation maximum probability clustering, and the unstructured data utilization strategy based on text mining. The system approximately saved more than 100 000 hours for country cadres, precisely located and traced tens of thousands of susceptible people who were focused, had played a huge role in blocking epidemic infection, elevating the rate of production resumption, and reducing economic losses, therefore it has a reference significance for all parts of the country.

Key words: prevention and control of epidemic situation, big data analysis, four standards and four realities

中图分类号:

TP391

李刚, 郑佳, 尹华山, 黄文超. 大数据技术在疫情精准防控中的应用[J]. 大数据, 2021, 7(1): 124-134.

Gang LI, Xiangchun ZHENG, Huashan YIN, Wenchao HUANG. Application of big data technology in precise prevention and control of epidemic situation[J]. Big Data Research, 2021, 7(1): 124-134.

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