基于ISM的大数据在建筑领域中的应用障碍分析

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.2021066

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大数据在建筑领域的应用程度低、推广缓慢。准确识别大数据在建筑领域中的应用障碍因素，探索因素间的相互影响关系具有重大意义。通过对相关研究工作进行梳理，识别了12个障碍因素。使用解释结构模型（ISM）确定了因素间的相互关系并将其转化为邻接矩阵。通过幂迭代分析建立了可达矩阵，确定了因素的层级关系。最后对因素间的影响传递路径进行研究分析，给出了相应的应对建议，为我国建筑领域的大数据应用推广提供了研究支持。

关键词: 大数据, 建筑工业化, 解释结构模型, 障碍因素

Abstract:

The application degree of big data in the construction field is low, and the promotion is slow.It is of great significance to accurately identify the factors that hinder the application of big data in the construction industry and explore the interaction between the factors.By sorting out the relevant research work, 12 barrier factors were identified.Through using interpretive structure model (ISM), the relationship between factors was determined and transformed into adjacency matrix.Through power iterative analysis, the reachability matrix was established, and the hierarchical relationship of factors was determined.Finally, the influence transmission path between factors was studied and analyzed, and the corresponding countermeasures were given, which provides research support for the application and promotion of big data in China’s construction field.

Key words: big data, construction industrialization, interpretive structural model, barrier factor

中图分类号:

TU18

纪颖波, 赵子豪, 姚福义. 基于ISM的大数据在建筑领域中的应用障碍分析[J]. 大数据, 2021, 7(6): 128-137.

Yingbo JI, Zihao ZHAO, Fuyi2 YAO. Analysis of application barriers for big data in construction field based on ISM[J]. Big Data Research, 2021, 7(6): 128-137.

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因素	来源
基础硬件设施不足	蔡得菊^[11]、邓朗妮等人^[12]
缺乏应用软件	蔡得菊^[11]、杜书波等人^[13]
数据量不足	中国勘察设计协会建筑分会^[14]、原雯等人^[8]
大数据应用标准未建立	王美华^[15]
大数据发展方案不系统	王美华^[15]、史北祥等人^[9]
隐私保护抵触	王美华^[15]
缺乏专业人才	王美华^[15]
部门间协调配合能力不足	郭志光等人^[16]、王淑桃^[1]
企业管理人员积极性不高	万晓曦^[17]、龙惟定^[18]
缺少资金支持	专家访谈
平台数据割裂	专家访谈
缺少政策及法律支持	专家访谈

因素	B12	B11	B10	B9	B8	B7	B6	B5	B4	B3	B2	B1
B1	Y	X	Y	X	O	O	O	O	O	X	O
B2	Y	W	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	X
B3	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y
B4	Y	O	Y	O	O	Y	Y	Y
B5	W	X	W	X	X	Y	O
B6	Y	X	O	X	X	Y
B7	Y	X	Y	O	X
B8	Y	X	Y	Y
B9	Y	X	Y
B10	W	X
B11	Y
B12

因素	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	B8	B9	B10	B11	B12
B1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0
B2	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
B3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
B4	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
B5	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1
B6	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0
B7	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0
B8	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
B9	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0
B10	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	1
B11	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
B12	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0

因素	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	B8	B9	B10	B11	B12
B1	1	1*	1	0	0	0	0	1*	1	0	1	0
B2	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
B3	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
B4	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1*	0
B5	1	1	1	1	1	1*	1*	1	1	1	1	1
B6	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	1	1	0	1	0
B7	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1*	1	1*
B8	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0
B9	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0
B10	1	1	1	1	1	1*	1	1	1	1	1	1
B11	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
B12	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1

障碍因素	可达集	先行集	交集	层级
B1	B1、B2、B3、B8、B9、B11	B1、B5、B7、B10、B12	B1	Ⅴ
B2	B2、B3、B11	B1、B2、B4、B5、B6、B7、B8、B9、B10、B11、B12	B2、B11	Ⅱ
B3	B3	B1、B2、B3、B4、B5、B6、B7、B8、B9、B10、B11、B12	B3	Ⅰ
B4	B2、B3、B4、B11	B4、B5、B6、B7、B10、B12	B4	Ⅲ
B5	B1、B2、B3、B4、B5、B6、B7、B8、B9、B10、B11、B12	B5、B7、B10、B12	B5、B10、B12	Ⅵ
B6	B2、B3、B4、B6、B8、B9、B11	B5、B6、B7、B10、B12	B6	Ⅴ
B7	B1、B2、B3、B4、B5、B6、B7、B8、B9、B10、B11、B12	B5、B7、B10、B12	B5、B10、B12	Ⅵ
B8	B2、B3、B8、B11	B1、B5、B6、B7、B8、B9、B10、B12	B8	Ⅲ
B9	B2、B3、B8、B9、B11	B1、B5、B6、B7、B9、B10、B12	B9	Ⅳ
B10	B1、B2、B3、B4、B5、B6、B7、B8、B9、B10、B11、B12	B5、B7、B10、B12	B5、B7、B10	Ⅵ
B11	B2、B3、B11	B1、B2、B4、B5、B6、B7、B8、B9、B10、B11、B12	B2、B11	Ⅱ
B12	B1、B2、B3、B4、B5、B6、B7、B8、B9、B10、B11、B12	B5、B7、B10、B12	B5、B7、B10、B12	Ⅵ