基于区块链的智能服务交易跨链服务框架与通信机制

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2021062

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于不同区块链上的区块链服务间缺乏有效通信机制，链与链之间难以形成有效互联互通。在智能服务交易过程中，交易主客体之间不仅仅是数据资产的单项转移，而且其服务范围扩展涵盖到更为广阔的数字资产转移场景。设计一种智能服务交易的跨链通信服务框架，并采用基于组件式、模块化设计，使智能服务交易主客体较为容易地接入服务框架，实现跨链可扩展性；提出适用于智能服务交易的三阶段跨链通信机制，保证智能服务交易跨链生态下的原子性和一致性。

关键词: 区块链, 智能服务交易, 跨链通信, 通信机制

Abstract:

Due to the lack of communication mechanism between inter-blockchain services, it is difficult to formulate effective interconnection between different blockchain.Under the smart services ecosystem, two parties of the transaction not only execute the single transaction of data assets, but also extend the scope of their services to cover a wider range of digital assets transfer scenarios.An inter-blockchain communication(IBC) framework for smart service transaction is designed.With component-based and modular design, it makes flexible for the subject and object application of smart service transaction to access IBC framework and thus promote inter-blockchain scalability.Finally, a three-phrase inter-blockchain communication protocol for smart service transaction is proposed to ensure the atomicity and consistency of inter-blockchain ecosystem.

Key words: blockchain, smart services ecosystem, inter-blockchain communication, communication mechanism

中图分类号:

TP393

康博涵, 章宁, 朱建明. 基于区块链的智能服务交易跨链服务框架与通信机制[J]. 网络与信息安全学报, 2021, 7(3): 105-114.

Bohan KANG, Ning ZHANG, Jianming ZHU. Research on inter-blockchain service framework and communication mechanism based on smart service transaction[J]. Chinese Journal of Network and Information Security, 2021, 7(3): 105-114.

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跨链机制	代表项目	互操作性	优势	不足
公证人机制	Interledger	所有应用链	支持双向跨链、实现原理简单、无须复杂的工作量证明	公证人的类中心化容易造成中心化风险，存在单点失效问题
中继/侧链模式	BTC-Relay Cosmos RootStock Polkadot	所有应用链，需要接入中继链，否则只能支持跨链的单向传输	中继（侧链）模式的跨链网络更高效，能支持跨链资产变换转移、跨链合约和资产抵押	交易的确认和验证由应用链负责。需要对应用链底层扩展，开发成本较高
哈希锁定	闪电网络	交叉依赖	区块链之间通过在两条链上运行特定的智能合约，实现跨链信息交互	哈希锁定严格依赖于智能合约的执行，目前应用场景相对受限
分布式密钥控制	Fusion	所有	用户只拥有私钥就拥有资产的控制权	智能合约需要更多方面实现

结构参数	内容说明
From	发起来源链ID
To	目的链ID
Index	跨链交易索引
Timestamp	跨链事件发生的时间戳
Acknowledgement	目的链确认信息
Content	交易具体内容
Proof	跨链交易证明
Extra	其他自定义字段