网络与信息安全学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (4): 77-86.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2022043

• 专栏：区块链系统、智能合约与应用安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于正常交易掩盖下的区块链隐蔽通信方案

姜鹏坤1, 张问银1, 王九如1, 黄善云1,2, 宋万水1,2   

  1. 1 临沂大学信息科学与工程学院，山东 临沂 276000
    2 山东师范大学信息科学与工程学院，山东 济南 250358
  • 修回日期:2022-07-07 出版日期:2022-08-15 发布日期:2022-08-01
  • 作者简介:姜鹏坤（1997− ），男，山东烟台人，临沂大学硕士生，主要研究方向为区块链技术、信息隐藏
    张问银（1972− ），男，山东临沂人，博士，临沂大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为区块链技术、信息隐藏、图像处理
    王九如（1983− ），男，山东临沂人，博士，临沂大学副教授，主要研究方向为区块链技术、物联网安全
    黄善云（1997− ），男，山东济宁人，山东师范大学硕士生，主要研究方向为区块链技术、隐蔽通信
    宋万水（1997− ），男，山东济南人，山东师范大学硕士生，主要研究方向为区块链技术、数据分析
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020MF058)

Blockchain covert communication scheme based on the cover of normal transactions

Pengkun JIANG1, Wenyin ZHANG1, Jiuru WANG1, Shanyun HUANG1,2, Wanshui SONG1,2   

  1. 1 School of Information Science and Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
    2 School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
  • Revised:2022-07-07 Online:2022-08-15 Published:2022-08-01
  • Supported by:
    The Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020MF058)

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摘要：

随着计算机技术的发展，现代网络攻防形势日益严峻，秘密信息的安全传输问题亟待解决。隐蔽通信技术将秘密信息嵌入载体中通过隐蔽信道安全地传输，但传统的隐蔽信道存在数据易受损、易被攻击、易被检测等问题，无法满足更高的安全需求。区块链作为公共数据平台，能够在大量交易的掩盖下嵌入秘密信息，其具有的不易篡改、匿名性、去中心化等特点，可以很好地解决传统隐蔽信道存在的问题，实现安全的隐蔽通信，但现有的区块链隐蔽通信方案存在通信效率较低、安全性较差等问题，如何安全、高效地进行通信是区块链隐蔽通信的研究重点。提出一种基于正常交易掩盖下的区块链隐蔽通信方案，利用哈希算法构建免传输密码表在不改变任何交易数据的情况下实现秘密信息的嵌入，利用椭圆曲线特性可在海量的交易中快速筛选出带有隐藏信息的交易，从而快速提取秘密信息。所提方案提高了隐蔽通信的安全性、效率，可迁移性强，理论分析显示，攻击者无法区分普通交易和特殊交易，所提方案具有极高的抗检测性和可扩展性；比特币测试网的实验结果表明，所提方案的效率高。

关键词: 区块链, 隐蔽通信, 信息隐藏, 比特币, 哈希算法

Abstract:

With the development of computer technology, the situation of modern network attack and defense is becoming increasingly severe, and the problem of secure transmission of secret information needs to be solved urgently.Covert communication technology embeds secret information into the carrier and transmits the information safely through the covert channel.However, the traditional covert channels face the challenges of data damaging, attack, detection and so on, which cannot meet the higher security requirements.As a public data platform, blockchain can embed secret information under the cover of a large number of transactions.With its tamper proof, anonymity, decentralization and other characteristics, blockchain can well solve the problems of traditional covert channels and achieve secure covert communication.However, the existing blockchain covert communication schemes are limited by low communication efficiency and poor security.How to improve safety and efficiency of covert communication is a research focus of blockchain covert communication.Motivated by this issue, a blockchain covert communication scheme based on the cover of normal transactions was proposed.The hash algorithm was used to build a transmission-free password table to embed secret information without changing any transaction data.Using the elliptic curve feature, transactions with hidden information can be quickly screened out from a large number of transactions, to extract secret information quickly.This scheme improves the security and efficiency of covert communication and has strong portability.Theoretical analysis shows that attackers cannot distinguish between ordinary transactions and special transactions.This scheme has high anti-detection and scalability.Besides, the experimental results of the bitcoin test network show the high efficiency of this scheme.

Key words: blockchain, covert communication, information hiding, bitcoin, hash algorithm

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