基于“端—管—云”体系的车载自组织网络关键技术

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2016225

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着道路拥堵等交通问题的日益严峻，智能交通系统成为解决当前交通问题的有效途径。车载自组织网络及车辆作为智能交通的重要组成部分也成为了当前的研究热点。首先介绍了车联网在国内外的发展历史和现状，然后分别从端系统、管系统、云系统3个方面对车联网进行了分析研究，着重介绍了管系统中的V2V（vehicle to vehicle）和V2R（vehicle to roadside）两种通信技术。此外，对于面向车联网的交通云和大数据技术进行了概括介绍。最后，探讨了车载自组织网络的应用场景和未来发展趋势。

关键词: 车载自组织网络, 通信技术, “端—管—云”体系

Abstract:

With the increasing of traffic problems，such as traffic congestion，intelligent transportation system（ITS）becomes an effective way to solve the increasing transportation issues of the current traffic.Vehicular Ad Hoc networks（VANET）and vehicles as important parts of ITS have become focus of current research.Firstly，the development history and current situation of VANET both at home and abroad were introduced，and then VANET from the terminal system，management system，cloud system were analyzed respectively.Then，the V2V and V2R communication technologies of terminal system were introduced emphatically.In addition，VANET oriented traffic cloud and big data technology were outlined.Finally，application scenarios and the future development of communication technologies in VANET were discussed.

Key words: vehicular Ad Hoc network, communication technology, terminal-management-cloud model

赵军辉,陈燕,黄德昌,黄大成. 基于“端—管—云”体系的车载自组织网络关键技术[J]. 电信科学, 2016, 32(8): 2-9.

Junhui ZHAO,Yan CHEN,Dechang HUANG,Dacheng HUANG. Key technology of VANET in terminal-management-cloud model[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2016, 32(8): 2-9.

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通信技术	协议	传输距离	特点
ZigBee	IEEE 802.15.4	约100 m	低成本、低功耗
UWB	IEEE 802.15.3a	约10 m	抗干扰能力强
Wi-Fi	IEEE 802.11a/b/g	76～122 m，305 m	高数据传输速率
mmWave	IEEE 802.11ad/IEEE 802.15.3c	约10 m	传输质量高
红外	IEEE 802.11	约10 m	可靠、技术成熟、易于掌握
DSRC	IEEE 802.11p	约1 000 m	高数据传输速率
蓝牙	IEEE 802.15.1	约10 m	低功耗、通信安全性好

通信技术	协议	传输距离	特点
WiMAX	IEEE 802.16	约50 000 m	传输速率高
RFID	IEEE 802.11	10 cm～200 m	识别距离长
红外	IEEE 802.11	约10 m	可靠、技术成熟、易于掌握
mmWave	IEEE 802.11ad/IEEE 802.15.3c	约10 m	传输质量高
DSRC	IEEE 802.11p	约1 000 m	数据传输速率高