超宽带室内定位算法综述

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2018227

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在超宽带定位系统中，多径效应、NLOS 等因素会导致一定程度的测量误差。详细介绍了基于超宽带的各类定位技术及其实现原理，并着重于定位性能较好的TDOA技术，从定位模型建立到定位解算方面系统地介绍了各类基于TDOA的定位算法，详细阐述了各种算法的实现原理及设计流程，并对各种算法在LOS和NLOS下的性能进行了比较分析。

关键词: 超宽带室内定位, TDOA, NLOS误差修正, 算法分析

Abstract:

The multipath effect,NLOS and other factors,will cause a certain degree of measurement error in ultra-wideband positioning system.Various positioning technologies and their implementation principles were introduced in detail.And focusing on the time difference of arrival（TDOA）technology with better positioning performance,from the model to solve for all kinds of localization algorithm based on TDOA were systematically introduced,including the implementation principle and design process of various algorithms,and the performance analysis of the various algorithms under LOS and NLOS.

Key words: UWB indoor positioning, TDOA, NLOS error correction, algorithm analysis

赵红梅,赵杰磊. 超宽带室内定位算法综述[J]. 电信科学, 2018, 34(9): 130-142.

Hongmei ZHAO,Jielei ZHAO. An overview of ultra-wideband indoor positioning algorithms[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2018, 34(9): 130-142.

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技术	定位精度	相对成本	优点	缺点
Wi-Fi	2～50 m	低	成本低，通信能力强	易受环境干扰
蓝牙	2～10 m	低	易集成、易普及	传输距离短、稳定性差
ZigBee	1～2 m	低	低功耗、低成本	稳定性差、易受环境干扰
红外线	5～10 m	高	定位精度较高	直线视距、传输距离短、易干扰
RFID	0.05～5 m	中	成本不高、精度较高	距离短
UWB	6～10 cm	高	精度高、穿透性强	成本较高