5G-Advanced网络的位置服务与关键技术

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022042

电信科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 120-130.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022042

5G-Advanced网络的位置服务与关键技术

艾明¹^,², 侯云静¹^,², 周润泽³, 蔡茂⁴

¹ 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司，北京 100083
² 无线移动通信国家重点实验室（电信科学技术研究院有限公司），北京 100191
³ 华为技术有限公司，上海 201206
⁴ 上海诺基亚贝尔股份有限公司，四川成都 610213

修回日期:2022-03-09 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-06-01
作者简介:艾明（1974- ），男，中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司正高级工程师，主要研究方向为网络架构、位置服务、定位、智能化等
侯云静（1985- ），女，中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司高级工程师，3GPP SA2 标准代表，主要研究方向为定位、网络切片等
周润泽（1988- ），男，华为技术有限公司高级工程师，3GPP SA2标准代表，主要研究方向为定位、授时、5G LAN等
蔡茂（1973- ），男，上海诺基亚贝尔股份有限公司高级标准专家，主要研究方向为LCS、V2X、Ranging等
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61931005)

Location services and technologies of 5G-Advanced network

Ming AI¹^,², Yunjing HOU¹^,², Runze ZHOU³, Mao CAI⁴

¹ CICT Mobile Communication Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
² State Key Laboratory of Wireless Mobile Communications, China Academy of Telecommunications Technology (CATT), Beijing 100191, China
³ Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206, China
⁴ Shanghai Nokia Bell Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610213,China

Revised:2022-03-09 Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-06-01
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61931005)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

3GPP制定的5G标准Release 15（Rel-15）版本仅支持紧急业务的位置服务需求，在Rel-16完成了5G位置服务网络架构、网元功能、端到端流程设计、定位参考信号、测量量、测量流程等的标准化后，成为了支持商业场景位置服务的完整版本。Rel-17则进一步缩短了定位服务时延、提升了定位精度到米级。3GPP在2022年开始Rel-18位置服务和定位研究项目，主要包含进一步提升定位性能指标（如更低时延、更高精度和更低能耗），以及进一步扩展定位功能（如支持 Sidelink 定位、用户面定位和卫星接入场景的终端位置验证等）。在介绍Rel-15/Rel-16/Rel-17位置服务研究进展的基础上，提出、分析了实现Rel-18定位的部分潜在关键技术，指出了6G网络的定位需求是更高的精度、支持更高速度场景的定位、支持更多的垂直行业和场景，人工智能、太赫兹通信将成为实现6G更高精度定位的潜在关键技术。

关键词: 5G位置服务, 低时延定位, 低功耗高精度定位, Sidelink定位, 用户面定位, 6G定位需求

Abstract:

The Release15 (Rel-15) of the 5G standard developed by 3GPP only supports the location service requirements of emergency services.The standardization of 5G location service network architecture, network element functions, end-to-end process design, positioning reference signals, measurement quantities, measurement processes, etc, has been completed in Rel-16, which is the complete version of location services that supporting business scenarios.In Rel-17, further reduction of the location service delay and improving the positioning accuracy are achieved.The 3GPP will start Rel-18 location service and positioning study in 2022, which mainly includes further improving positioning performance index, such as lower delay, and lower power and higher accuracy positioning, and further expanding positioning functions, such as supporting sidelink positioning, user plane positioning and UE (user equipment) location verification optimization of satellite access scenarios.Based on the introduction of the status of Rel-15/Rel-16/Rel-17 location services, some potential key technologies for realizing Rel-18 location services were put forward and analyzed.Then, the summary that the positioning requirements of 6G network are higher accuracy support the positioning of higher speed scenarios and support more vertical industries and scenarios was pointed out.Artificial intelligence and terahertz communication will become potential key technologies to realize 6G higher accuracy location services.

Key words: 5G location service, low delay positioning, low-power high-accuracy positioning, sidelink positioning, user plane positioning, 6G positioning requirement

中图分类号:

TP393

艾明, 侯云静, 周润泽, 蔡茂. 5G-Advanced网络的位置服务与关键技术[J]. 电信科学, 2022, 38(6): 120-130.

Ming AI, Yunjing HOU, Runze ZHOU, Mao CAI. Location services and technologies of 5G-Advanced network[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2022, 38(6): 120-130.

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	方案一	方案二	方案三
方案概述	AMF注册PRU的方案^[23]	PRU直接注册到LMF^[23]	将PRU的信息（如标识）预先配置在LMF中^[24]
	PRU UE向服务AMF指示其是否支持 PRU 能力，认证和授权过程之后，服务AMF使用PRU注册请求服务操作，选择一个LMF，并向其注册该PRU	PRU 向 AMF 发送上行，非接入层（non-access-stratum， NAS）传输消息（携带 LCS 定位参考单元注册请求消息），AMF选择LMF并向其发送LCS关联标识符和该注册请求消息，LMF验证是否允许该 UE 作为 PRU，并向AMF返回确认消息	当LMF决定需要从PRU获取位置测量信息时，LMF作为LCS客户端向 GMLC 请求 UE 位置，即通过执行现有的定位过程获取 PRU的信息
对UE的影响	任何支持定位和LPP的UE都可作为PRU	任何支持定位和 LPP 的 UE 都可作为PRU	任何支持定位和LPP的UE都可作为PRU
对NG-RAN节点的影响	无	无	无
对AMF的影响	● 支持新的UE能力（即PRU功能）	● 支持PRU注册过程，在UE和LMF	无
	● 支持在注册过程中将PRU的信息注册到LMF内	之间透传 PRU 注册消息，在该过程分配LCS关联ID，并发送至LMF
	● 在UE上下文存储LCS关联ID	● 在UE上下文存储LCS关联ID
对LMF的影响	● 支持PRU注册	● 支持PRU注册	● 配置有PRU的信息
	● 存储PRU信息	● 存储PRU信息	● 需要时，LMF 作为 LCS 客户
	● 需要时从PRU获取测量信息，供计算UE位置使用	● 需要时从 PRU 获取测量信息，供计算UE位置使用	端发起对 PRU 的定位过程，获取测量信息，供计算 UE 位置时使用

5G-Advanced网络的位置服务与关键技术

Location services and technologies of 5G-Advanced network

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