星地协同智能海洋通信网络发展展望

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2020281

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着国家海洋战略推进实施，海上运输、资源开发等经济活动日趋活跃，海洋通信需求不断增长。尽管地面蜂窝网络已进入5G时代，现有海洋通信仍主要依赖海事卫星和岸基通信手段，通信速率、通信时延和可靠性等远不能满足需求。未来6G网络有望实现天空地海全域覆盖，但由于海上环境的复杂性、海事业务的异构性等挑战，6G海洋通信网络仍面临特殊难题。在综述海洋通信现状的基础上，从传输效率、网络覆盖、信息服务3方面梳理关键技术。面向未来6G智能海洋通信网络发展，展望海上环境感知智能传输、星地协同动态组网和业务驱动资源分配技术方法与研究方向。

关键词: 海洋通信网络, 6G, 环境感知, 星地协同, 信息服务

Abstract:

With the implementation of national marine strategy,economic activities such as maritime transport,marine resource exploitation become increasingly important,and the demand for maritime communications keeps growing.Although the terrestrial cellular network had entered the 5G era,existing maritime communications still mainly rely on marine satellites and shore-based base stations,which are far from meeting the demand in terms of communication rate,delay and reliability.The future 6G networks are expected to offer satellite-air-ground-sea full coverage.However,due to complex maritime environments and heterogeneous marine services,the 6G maritime communication networks still face unique challenges.After summarizing the current developing status of maritime communications,related key technologies were surveied from three aspects:transmission efficiency,network coverage,and information service.For the future development of 6G intelligent maritime communication networks,the technical methods and research directions of maritime environment-aware intelligent transmission,coordinated satellite-terrestrial dynamic networking and service-driven resource allocation were prospected.

Key words: maritime communication network, 6G, environment-aware, satellite-terrestrial coordination, information service

中图分类号:

TN929.5

冯伟,唐睿,葛宁. 星地协同智能海洋通信网络发展展望[J]. 电信科学, 2020, 36(10): 1-11.

Wei FENG,Rui TANG,Ning GE. Perspectives on coordinated satellite-terrestrial intelligent maritime communication network[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2020, 36(10): 1-11.

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服务类型	服务场景	典型速率	典型时延
海事安全	导航避障	9.6 kbit/s	低
通信	通知广播	1.2 kbit/s	-
	紧急救援	153.6 kbit/s(语音)	RE
		492 kbit/s(图像)	RE
		15 Mbit/s(视频)	RE
专用通信	视频监测	10 Mbit/s	低
	数据收集	6 Mbit/s	中
公共通信	文本信息	9.6 kbit/s	中
	语音电话	153.6 kbit/s	IP
	视频电话	30 Mbit/s	IP
	网页浏览	6 Mbit/s	低
	多媒体下载	>100 Mbit/s	中

参考文献	场景	频率/GHz	最大收发距离/km	发送/接收天线高度/m	信道统计量	建模角度	主要模型
[20]	岸－船	2.1	46	10,25,50,100/10	PL	考虑地球曲率	FSL
[21]	船－岸（峡湾）	2.075	45	9.5/11.2	RSL,PDP,SC	SIMO系统	ITU-R
[22]	浮标－船	5.8	10	1.7/9.8	PL	LOS/NLOS部分	LPL,简化两径模型
[23]	船－船	35/94	20	5/9.7	PL,PDP,RMS-DS	引入频率因子	FSL,修正两径模型
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[28]	船－岸	1.39/4.5	40	18.5/30~55	RSL,SSF	引入环境随机性	修正两径模型
[29]	岛－岛	0.248/0.34	33.3，48	18.5/16，14	RSL,PL	窄带，考虑海况	FSL,ITU-R
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[31]	空－船	5.7	10	370,830,1 910/7.65	PL,RMS,PDP	蒸发波导/抬升波导	FSL,两径模型，三径模型
				370,830,1 910/2.1