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20 December 2021, Volume 37 Issue 12

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Research and Development

Research on beam management of non-coaxial OAM communication system

Feng ZHENG, Gaoming DUAN, Liangang CHI

2021, 37(12):  1-10.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021272

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As a new modulated degree of freedom, orbital angular momentum (OAM) could greatly improve the spectrum utilization of wireless communication.However, the uniform circular array (UCA)-based OAM communication system requires the transceiver array to be static and perfectly aligned, which makes it difficult for OAM to be practically applied.A beam management method based on OAM was proposed, which determined the best beam matching by scanning the beam of receiver and receiver, and the matched beam was used to communicate.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme could effectively reduce the system performance degradation caused by non-coaxial of receiver and transmitter arrays.

A dual speech encryption algorithm based on improved Henon mapping and hyperchaotic

Qiuyu ZHANG, Yujie SONG

2021, 37(12):  11-24.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021271

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Aiming at the problems of small key space, poor security, low encryption efficiency, and the inability to realize the trade-off between key complexity and encryption efficiency of existing speech chaotic encryption algorithms, a dual speech encryption algorithm based on improved Henon mapping and hyperchaotic was proposed.Firstly, the traditional Henon mapping was improved by extending the control parameter range and taking the nonlinear trigonometric function as the input parameter variable, which made the Henon mapping have larger chaotic space and higher chaotic complexity.Secondly, the improved Henon mapping was used to generate pseudorandom sequence, and the speech data was encrypted single time without repeated scrambling to obtain the first time encryption results of the speech data.Finally, Lorenz hyperchaotic system was adopted to encrypt the speech data after the first time encryption by Arnold secondary scrambling encryption and XOR diffusion encryption to obtaining the final ciphertext speech data.The experimental results show that, compared with the existing methods, the proposed algorithm have larger key space, higher encryption efficiency, and stronger robustness against various cryptographic attacks.

MBER power allocation for joint precoding and space-time coding GFDM

Jianhui CAI, Guangqiu LI, Yanxu DUAN

2021, 37(12):  25-31.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021261

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In order to improve the bit error rate (BER) and bandwidth utilization performance of generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) system over frequency selective fading channels, based on the minimum bit error rate (MBER) criterion, a joint precoding and space-time coding (STC) GFDM system and its corresponding power allocation strategy were proposed.The optimization goal of the power allocation strategy for the precoding STC-GFDM system can be converted from MBER to minimizing its noise enhancement factor, and the analytical expressions of its power allocation, bit error rate (BER) and bandwidth utilization were derived.Numerical calculation and simulation results show that compared with the precoding STC-GFDM system, the BER performance of precoding STC-GFDM system based on MBER criterion can be improved by about 0.4 dB when BER is 10^-3, and the bandwidth utilization performance can be improved by about 0.24 bit/(s·Hz) when signal to noise ratiois 12 dB.

Research on secret key generation based on wireless channel characteristics in body area network

Jingjing HUANG

2021, 37(12):  32-41.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021260

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Wireless body area network (WBAN) is a human-centered wireless network.With limitations of power and computation capabilities of WBAN, the significant challenge of ensuring security is how to generate a shared key between two entities based on a lightweight symmetric cryptography.To investigate this issue, a secret key generation scheme in ultra-wideband (UWB) WBAN was designed.In this scheme, the difference of multipath relative delay and its average value were chosen as common random source to reduce key mismatch probability.Furthermore, with the aid of relay, secret key generation rate could be increased.Simulation and test results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve a good tradeoff between key match probability and key generation rate.Furthermore, security analysis of the scheme was also provided to validate its feasibility.

Optimal velocity estimation model based on non-differential Doppler observations from BDS-3 satellites

Zejie WANG, Qianxin WANG, Tianwen SHANG

2021, 37(12):  42-50.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021267

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An optimized velocimetric model based on non-differential Doppler observations from BDS-3 satellites with high accuracy and low model complexity was proposed to address insufficient accuracy and low efficiency of velocity estimation method.The observation data from BDS-3 satellites was used to estimate the carrier velocity by using Doppler velocimetric model with low complexity.In order to improve velocity estimation accuracy and solving efficiency, firstly, the model was linearized, and then loose constraints was added based on the correlation between the carrier heading and its velocity vector.The velocity measurement accuracy of the model was verified with field-collected BDS-3 observations, and the applicability of the model was evaluated.The experimental results show that: when the carrier is stationary, the optimized Doppler velocimetry accuracy can reach cm/s or even mm/s level, and in the comparison with the original Doppler velocimetry, the horizontal velocity accuracy was improved by about 60% and the solution time was shortened by 24%;when the carrier is moving, the Doppler velocimetry accuracy with heading constraints can be improved by 14% ~ 21% in north and east compared with the original Doppler velocimetry, and the solution time was improved by about 20%.

Research on 5G upstream bandwidth detection technology and application

Guobin XU, Zhewei FU, Ming LIU, Zhiji DENG, Cungang WANG, Guanghai ZHONG, Hui LI, Wei MENG, Yunjie WU

2021, 37(12):  51-59.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021262

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A scheme of 5G upstream bandwidth detection technology and application was proposed, which could effectively solve the problem of 5G network fluctuation in video monitoring data transmission process.It will help the deployment of 5G video monitoring application.By obtaining the radio resource information of 5G NR, the terminal can count the transmission resource and estimate the change trend of uplink bandwidth.Combined with the intelligent coding technology and bit-stream adaptive technology of streaming media application, the scheme ensures no stuck and continuous picture at the cost of losing a little video definition, and ensures the overall experience of customers.The scheme can be widely used in the scene of heavy 5G public service, large network fluctuation and wide network coverage, such as campus video surveillance.

Topic: Programmable Network in the 5G + Era

Research and practice of software-defined security technology architecture in the 5G+ era

Shuo QUAN, Xuliang WANG, Zeya ZHU

2021, 37(12):  60-71.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021277

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Cloud network security has become a strong need under the background of the new infrastructure and digital economy, while cloud network integration security has been defined as an ongoing trends.Initially, three major types of problems facing 5G private network users were presented in providing overall security services, and an overall software-defined security architecture in the 5G+ era was proposed.Furthermore, the corresponding prototype system design and implementation was discussed based on this architecture.At the end, the verification shows that the software-defined security orchestration and scheduling system based on the cloud-based architecture helps to accurately solve the overall business security threats and hidden dangers of 5G private network enterprise customers in the 5G+ era, providing systematic reference value for subsequent research.

KubeTelecom: a multi-cloud multi-container cluster management and operation engine for 5G network slicing

Yuting WU, Xuliang WANG, Shuo QUAN

2021, 37(12):  72-83.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021276

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KubeTelecom design architecture and implementation were proposed and introduced in detail, which was for multi-cloud multi-container cluster management and operation and maintenance engine operators’ multiple network cloud applications.Based on the bearer requirements of the 5G slicing scenario, KubeTelecom provided the upper-layer application platform with multi-container cluster management and orchestration capabilities and data-driven comprehensive operation and maintenance capabilities were analyzed in detail.The future telecom cloud platform integrates the KubeTelecom module to provide unified resource management and operation and maintenance capabilities for multiple cloud-native applications, and provide solid technical support for the development of operators’ multiple DICT business ecosystems.

Research on architecture of novel programmable networks for 6G

Xuliang WANG, Shuo QUAN, Zengyi LIU, Jun ZHANG

2021, 37(12):  84-92.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021266

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Starting from the industry’s various business scenarios for 6G networks, and the dynamic network capability adjustment requirements for 6G network equipment were deeply analyzed.A programmable network platform architecture with the characteristics of closed-loop self-optimization based on network state management was proposed.Through this architecture design, the existing technology systems related to SDN, NFV, and network AI can be maximized and network administrators can perform network lifecycle management based on network status statements.This platform can provide a new technical realization idea and method for the digital twin network and on-demand network in the future.

Application and research of SDN-based management and control technology for optical transport grey-box devices

Qian HU, Guoyong ZHAO, Xiaoli HUO, Junjie LI, Ruiquan JING, Fei YAN, Xiaofeng WU

2021, 37(12):  93-100.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021273

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Traditional optical transport network is gradually becoming open and disaggregated, and the chimney-type single-vendor and single-domain management mode is also developing to the multi-vendor and multi-domain management mode with the penetration of software defined network (SDN) concept.Considering the equipment difference and protocol complexity of transport network, application of SDN management and control for transport network faces challenges.Firstly, the concept of grey-box was proposed, which was between black-box and white-box.Then, taking grey-box access OTN as an example, the key technologies of SDN unified management and control of access-type OTN were discussed, including management and control architecture, service template, automatic topology generation, automatic equipment online, remote upgrade of equipment, in-band DCN communication between different vendors, etc.Finally, the application of access-type OTN unified management and control system in real network was described.

Research and implementation of intelligent endogenous technology for SDN cooperative controller

Le ZHANG, Yanqin WU, Ke ZHANG, Dongfeng MAO, Song JIANG, Huawei HU

2021, 37(12):  101-109.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021275

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In the face of new demands and challenges such as business diversification, data quantification and cloud network integration, the ideas and methods of cloud network operation are changing.As the core capability of the new generation of cloud network operation system, SDN controller was deeply integrated with artificial intelligence technology.The key technologies and application practices of full-process closed-loop autonomy capability including intention analysis, cloud network intelligence perception, guarantee, optimization and automatic execution were studied to form intelligent endogenous capability of SDN controller.Firstly, the SDN controller intelligent endogenous development background and significance were clarified.And then, the ability of intelligent endogenous architecture and distribution of core competence were illustrated, which gradually form the whole process of the closed loop cloud network autonomy.Finally, focusing on 5G slice, SRv6 scene of new technology new business use cases, the intelligent perception, independent guarantee, automatic optimization of the key aspects of technology, and the effect of implementation and application were resolved.Through capability architecture design, key capability research and development, implementation verification and layout in standardization, the internal intelligence of SDN controller would gradually mature and enable smart operation of cloud network.

Engineering and Application

Architecture and practice of BGP internet routing visibility and security detection

Chaoyang YE, Chen SHEN, Mingqing HUANG, Shicong ZHANG, Yisha LIU

2021, 37(12):  110-120.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021263

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Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the de facto inter-domain routing protocol of today’s global internet for exchanging routing information.However, it was supposed that all participants were reliable without generating routing security issues by mistakes or on purpose when BGP was designed 50 years ago.As Internet is getting involved in all aspects of our society, internet routing security is becoming the problems that couldn’t be ignored anymore.A general architecture was proposed which coved inference of BGP routing knowledge database and provided visibility of global internet routing.Detection of route security events such as routing hijacks and routing leaks were realized.The deployment shows that the system can provide good visibility of internet routing and precise detection of routing security events.

Optimization of power optical transmission network based on photo-electronic hybrid cross-connection technology

Yang ZHAO, Wei SONG, Chengyu DUAN, Fang SHEN, Xiaohong ZHANG, Jihua ZHAO

2021, 37(12):  121-132.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021264

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A preliminary analysis to the current situation of the power grid optical transmission network was made.The power grid optical transmission network is facing huge challenges such as the increasing transmission capacity, the increasingly complex topology, the flexible scheduling of services and the evolution of network intelligence.By adopting photoelectric layered cross processing, electric layer cross focus on small particles business convergence and long distance electric regeneration, optical layer routing provides the flexible wavelength routing, based on colorless, directionless, and contention less flexible grid configurable add/drop architecture CDC-F ROADM technology to optimize network structure, improve the network transmission efficiency, reducing energy consumption and space, which also benefits the evolution of network intelligence, and greatly save the construction and operational costs.

Precise deployment scheme of 10G PON based on different scenarios

Yin LIN, Xiaoxia QIN, Guodong WANG, Shutian WEI

2021, 37(12):  133-143.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021259

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At present, with the rapid development of gigabit broadband users and gigabit applications, each communication operation has begun to accelerate the construction of gigabit optical network.However, in the upgrading process of 10G PON, two difficulties have gradually emerged, namely, high equipment cost and high complexity of network construction.Three models was established, including GPON gigabit user carrying capacity measurement model, investment benefit analysis model of gigabit network construction and gigabit value community identification model, to simulate and calculate the best 10G PON port deployment scenario of a mobile company, so as to realize the precise deployment of 10G PON port and support the development of gigabit broadband service efficiently.At the same time, the three models were also applicable to any communication operators in any region.The corresponding 10G PON network deployment scenarios can be simulated and output only by inputting the current PON network data and the current community data.

Technological innovation drives the high-quality development of the power industry

Suxiang ZHANG, Wenjing LIU, Ziyan ZHAO, Jinping CAO, Na ZHANG, Wei TENG, Xiangyu WU

2021, 37(12):  144-152.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021274

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The power industry is a basic industry related to the national economy and people’s livelihood and has important strategic value.It has obvious characteristics of technology and capital intensiveness.In recent years, there has been fruitful scientific and technological achievements which have won many national science and technology awards in this industry.Three typical areas were selected: the UHV transmission technology, the safety and operation technology of the large power grid and the new energy technologyto elaborate the strong technical vitality, the international influence, the talent cultivation ability and the industrial driving capabilities of the award-winning projects.It was fully verified the National Awards have a strong role in promoting the power industry and the technological innovation can effectively promote the collaborative innovation and development of power grid technology, and it is of great significance to support China to achieve “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” as soon as possible.