面向卫星互联网的星载光交换技术

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-8930.2022020

天地一体化信息网络 ›› 2022, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (2): 47-55.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.2096-8930.2022020

所属专题：专题：卫星互联网空间载荷

• 专题：卫星互联网空间载荷 • 上一篇下一篇

面向卫星互联网的星载光交换技术

孟佳成¹^,², 谢宁波¹^,²^,³, 白兆峰¹^,², 朱嘉轩¹^,², 武军霞¹^,², 高铎瑞¹^,²^,³, 汪伟¹^,², 谢小平¹^,²^,³

¹ 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所光子网络技术研究室，陕西西安 710119
² 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所瞬态光学与光子技术国家重点实验室，陕西西安 710119
³ 中国科学院大学，北京 100049

修回日期:2022-04-10 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-06-01
作者简介:孟佳成（1990-），男，助理研究员，主要研究方向为空间高速光通信、光网络、高速数据处理等
谢宁波（1995-），男，博士生，主要研究方向为基于光子集成的光交换技术
白兆峰（1985-），男，助理研究员，主要研究方向为空间高通量光网络、卫星激光通信等
朱嘉轩（1995-），男，工程师，主要研究方向为卫星激光通信、空间光交换等
武军霞（1987-），女，工程师，主要研究方向为卫星激光通信、空间光交换等
高铎瑞（1989-），男，助理研究员，主要研究方向为深空激光通信、卫星激光通信等
汪伟（1982-），男，研究员，主要研究方向为深空激光通信、卫星激光通信及水下无线光通信等
谢小平（1976-），男，研究员，主要研究方向为空间/海洋高速激光通信网络、空间激光通信和空间光交换等
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0307904-02)

Spaceborne Optical Switching Technology for Satellite Internet

Jiacheng MENG¹^,², Ningbo XIE¹^,²^,³, Zhaofeng BAI¹^,², Jiaxuan ZHU¹^,², Junxia WU¹^,², Duorui GAO¹^,²^,³, Wei WANG¹^,², Xiaoping XIE¹^,²^,³

¹ Laboratory of Photonics and Network, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of CAS, Xi'an 710119, China
² State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of CAS, Xi'an 710119, China
³ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Revised:2022-04-10 Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-06-01
Supported by:
The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC0307904-02)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着卫星遥感、大数据超算中心、视频战场、6G移动通信等超高速大容量信息传输需求日益提高，以激光取代传统微波作为信息载体的卫星通信技术发展成为趋势，这也是解决微波通信带宽瓶颈和缓解频谱资源紧张的有效手段。未来需要构建全球覆盖的卫星互联网，提供地面光纤网络所不具备的能力（大覆盖率、低时延、人口稀少地区服务、无地理障碍等）。对于未来卫星节点超高速大容量信息处理来说，星载光交换技术是关键与核心。首先，介绍基于激光通信的卫星互联网发展脉络，分析面向卫星互联网的星载光交换技术的重要性，重点对星载光交换技术进行细致地分类对比、体制及信息处理模式研究，展示潜在的技术方案。然后，针对光交换核心器件特性和应用方案进行分析研究，希望为下一代卫星互联网技术研究提供借鉴与参考。

关键词: 卫星互联网, 星载光交换, 核心光电器件

Abstract:

With the increasing demands for ultra-high speed and large-capacity information transmission such as satellite remote sensing, big data super computing center, video battlefield and 6G mobile communication.The satellite laser communication technology using laser instead of traditional microwave as information carrier has become development trend.It is an eff ective mean to solve the bottleneck of microwave communication bandwidth and reduce the shortage of spectrum resources.In the future, we need to build a satellite internet with global coverage, which are needed to provide the capabilities that terrestrial optical fi ber networks do not have (large coverage, low-delay, services in sparsely populated areas, no geographical obstacles, etc.).The spaceborne optical switching technology is the key and core for the ultra-high speed and large capacity information processing on satellite nodes.Firstly, the development context of satellite internet based on laser communication was introduced, the importance of spaceborne optical switching technology for satellite internet was analyzed.It focused on the detailed classifi cation and comparison, system and information processing mode of space-borne optical switching technology, and showed the potential technical scheme in the future.Then, the characteristics and application schemes of optical switching core devices were analyzed and studied to provided reference for the next generation of satellite internet technology research.

Key words: satellite internet, space optical network, core photoelectric devices

中图分类号:

TP929.1

孟佳成, 谢宁波, 白兆峰, 朱嘉轩, 武军霞, 高铎瑞, 汪伟, 谢小平. 面向卫星互联网的星载光交换技术[J]. 天地一体化信息网络, 2022, 3(2): 47-55.

Jiacheng MENG, Ningbo XIE, Zhaofeng BAI, Jiaxuan ZHU, Junxia WU, Duorui GAO, Wei WANG, Xiaoping XIE. Spaceborne Optical Switching Technology for Satellite Internet[J]. Space-Integrated-Ground Information Networks, 2022, 3(2): 47-55.

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交换方式	优势	劣势
电交换	以电子数字信号处理技术为基础的交换方式，交换数据粒度可以非常小，直接提供用户使用	交换容量要受到电子元器件工作速度的限制，功耗大，系统串扰严重
光交换	拥有极宽的带宽，是电交换的几百倍，运行速度快，模拟信号与数字信号传输均可进行光交换；光交换的体积、功耗要远小于电交换	光缓存技术不成熟，无法进行光域存储转发交换

参数	光电路交换	光突发交换	光分组交换
交换颗粒度	最大（链路、信道）	大（突发包）	小（分组包）
交换时间	ms量级	ms量级	μs量级
连接需求	面向连接	面向连接	面向非连接
资源预约	资源预留机制；含光路建立、保持和释放	需要预约端口、波长等资源	无须预约
临时接入灵活性	不灵活	不灵活	灵活
链路资源利用率	极低，带宽资源浪费严重	低	高
核心要求	先建立链路再传输	信令网	光缓存

性能	种类
性能	MEMS	LCOS	PLC
拓展性	高	低	中
体积	小	中	中
插损	中	中	小
回损	优	差	良
串扰	优	差	差
开关速度	慢	慢	快
功耗	中	小	小

面向卫星互联网的星载光交换技术

Spaceborne Optical Switching Technology for Satellite Internet

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