低占空比无线传感器网络中基于动态切换的实时路由协议

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2015213

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了实现低占空比无线传感器网络中任意端到端之间的实时数据传输，提出了一种基于动态切换的实时路由协议（DSRT）。首先针对低占空比网络中睡眠延迟太长的特点，DSRT利用2跳邻居信息提出了一种可达速度的概念来帮助发现延迟更优的路径（实验证明该方法至少能够多发现 20%左右延迟更优的路径）。另外，首次发现了在低占空比网络中节点的拥塞程度不仅与缓冲队列中数据分组的个数有关，而且与数据分组的目的节点有关。然而传统基于1跳邻居的方法无法区分此类拥塞，因此DSRT利用2跳邻居信息结合动态切换机制提出了一种通过将缓冲队列分类的拥塞避免算法。最后，通过大量的实验证明，DSRT 比传统的路由算法在实时性和能量消耗上更高效，并且在网络发生拥塞时能够将数据分组的延迟降低200%以上。

关键词: 无线传感网络, 低占空比, 实时路由, 动态切换

Abstract:

The dynamic switching based real-time(DSRT)routing protocol was proposed to handle the arbitrary end-to-end(E2E)real-time communication in the low-duty-cycle wireless sensor networks.Firstly,the concept of available speed was designed to compensate for the big sleep latency and facilitate discovering the routes with less latency based on two-hop neighbors’ information(at lease about 20% routing path with less latency was discovered by DRST in the experiments).Moreover,it was noticed that the congestion extent in the low-duty-cycle network was determined not only by the number of packets in the network output queue,but also the destination of the packets.However,the traditional method with one-hop neighbors’ information cannot differentiate this kind of congestion.Therefore,combined with the dynamic switching mechanism,the DSRT proposed a congestion avoiding algorithm by classifying the packets in the queue.Through comprehensive experiments,the efficiency of routing discovering and congestion avoiding of the DSRT protocol is demonstrated,and the E2E delay is decreased by at least 200% when the traffic was high.

Key words: WSN, low-duty-cycle, real-time routing, dynamic switching

陈权,高宏. 低占空比无线传感器网络中基于动态切换的实时路由协议[J]. 通信学报, 2015, 36(10): 224-234.

Quan CHEN,Hong GAO. Dynamic switching based real-time routing in low-duty-cycle wireless sensor networks[J]. Journal on Communications, 2015, 36(10): 224-234.

图/表 10

图1

图2

图3

表1

节点j的队列信息表Qj"

数据分组编号	转发节点	转发节点中的序号	位置
1	a	1	P_a1
2	a	2	P_a2
3	k	1	P_k1
4	k	2	P_k2
5	b	1	P_b1
$⋮$	$⋮$	$⋮$	$⋮$
n	a	m(j,a)	P_am(j,a)

表1

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

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