物联网搜索技术综述

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2015315

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着物联网的普及和发展，物联网搜索是摆在学术界和工业界面前迫切需要解决的问题，物联网搜索因此成为当前的一个研究热点。面对越来越多的传感器以及它们所产生的数据，只有结合智能的物联网搜索，才能体现这些数据的生命力。与传统的 Baidu、Google、Bing、Yahoo 等搜索引擎不同，物联网搜索从搜索对象、物理网数据的特点（大规模的、实时变化的、高度动态的、异构的、复杂的安全环境等）到物联念、特点网搜索的、相关技术，对现有的典型系统和算法进行了比较性总结，分析了目前研究中存在的问题和挑战，架构均与传统互联网不同，这导致了物联网搜所面临的挑战将更大。由此，阐述了物联网搜索的概并展望了其未来的发展方向。

关键词: 物联网, 搜索引擎, 综述, 意图理解, 情景感知

Abstract:

With the popularization and development of the Internet of Things,the search of Internet of Things urgently needs to be solved in academia and industry and becomes a hot research topic.With the increasing data generated by sensors,only the search of IoT makes this data valuable.However,different from the traditional Internet search engines (such as Baidu,Google,Bing,Yahoo,etc),the search of IoT has different search objects and search architecture and data in the Internet of Things are massive,real-time,highly dynamic,heterogeneous,highly insecure.The above characteristics make search of IoT face more challenges.Firstly,the concept,characteristics,related technologies of search of IoT were summarized and presented.Secondly,several typical systems and related algorithms were described in detail.Finally,the current problems,the challenges and research prospects of this field for future were presented

Key words: Internet of Things, search engine, survey, intention understanding, context awareness

高云全,李小勇,方滨兴. 物联网搜索技术综述[J]. 通信学报, 2015, 36(12): 57-76.

Yun-quan GAO,Xiao-yong LI,Bin-xing FANG. Survey on the search of Internet of Things[J]. Journal on Communications, 2015, 36(12): 57-76.

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维度	互联网搜索	物联网搜索
搜索对象	信息	信息、物体、人
搜索维度	一维（内容）搜	三维（内容、时间、空间）搜索
对象状态	静态	静态和动态
搜索方案	存在性搜索	智慧搜索和挖掘
搜索要求	非实时	实时

系统维度	Snoogle/Microsearch	MAX	OCH	GSN	SenseWeb	DIS	RTS	Dyser
体系结构	两层分布式	三层集中式	两层分布式	基于容器的集中式	两层集中式	两层分布式	文件系统	两层集中式
聚合类型	混合	信标	定时器	信标	混合	混合	无	混合
索引类型	倒排索引	无	无	MySQL-style	倒排索引	倒排索引	倒排索引	倒排索引
查询类型	即席查询	即席查询	连续查询	即席查询	即席查询	连续查询和即席查询	即席查询	即席查询
查询方式	关键字	关键字	关键字	关键字	关键字和地理位置	图像	关键字	关键字
查询范围	本地	本地	本地	全局	全局	本地	全局	全局
查询时效	实时	实时	实时	实时	实时	实时和历史	实时（近似）	实时
查询精度	启发式	启发式	启发式	精确	精确	启发式	精确	精确
查询内容	静态	静态	动态	静态	静态	动态	动态	动态
查询结果	全部	全部	全部	全部	全部	Top-k	全部	Top-k
移动性	是	否	是	是	是	是	是	是
目标用户	终端用户	终端用户	终端用户	专家	专家	终端用户	终端用户	终端用户
安全支持	是	否	否	否	否	是	否	是