基于平滑分组的分组间隔时间流水印方法

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2017196

通信学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (10): 36-46.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2017196

基于平滑分组的分组间隔时间流水印方法

金华,朱慧,王昌达

江苏大学计算机科学与通信工程学院，江苏镇江 212013

修回日期:2017-05-12 出版日期:2017-10-01 发布日期:2017-11-16
作者简介:金华（1977-），男，江苏海安人，江苏大学博士生、副教授，主要研究方向为隐私保护、网络与信息安全。|朱慧（1989-），女，山西大同人，江苏大学硕士生，主要研究方向为网络安全。|王昌达（1971-），男，江苏南京人，博士，江苏大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为网络安全、无线传感器网络、云计算。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61672269);江苏省科技成果转化基金资助项目(BA2015161)

Packets flow watermarking method based on the inter-packet delay with smooth crossed grouping

Hua JIN,Hui ZHU,Chang-da WANG

School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China

Revised:2017-05-12 Online:2017-10-01 Published:2017-11-16
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61672269);Jiangsu Province Technology Achievement Transformation Program(BA2015161)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对现有基于时间信道的主动网络流水印技术缺少自纠错和难以抵御熵值隐蔽性嗅探的缺陷，提出一种基于平滑分组的分组间隔时间流水印方法。利用卷积码扩展水印信息，并采用平滑分组的方法将水印信息嵌入数据分组流中，通过交替调制数据分组间隔时间，使水印数据流的分组间隔分布特征无限逼近于正常的网络流，有效降低了数据分组在传输过程中遇到的时延抖动、分组丢失、分组合并、分组分片等因素干扰。理论分析和实验结果均表明，与现有的数据分组流水印技术相比，该方法具有检测准确度高、顽健性和隐蔽性好的特点。

关键词: 流水印, 平滑分组, 间隔时间, 卷积码

Abstract:

To improve the self-correction ability and resist the entropy-based detection,a flow watermarking approach based on the inter-packets delays with smooth crossed grouping was proposed.Such an approach extended the watermarking methods using both the convolutional code and the smooth group methods to embed the watermarks into packet flows.By adjusting the inter-packets delays of the crossed packets,the transmission time distribution of the watermarked packets can indefinitely approach to that of any normal packets transmission times.Furthermore,the approach can mitigate the negative consequences introduced by packets transmission jitters,packets losses,packets aggregations and packets divisions for the watermarks detection.Both theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed approach overweight the known watermarking methods from the aspects of identification accuracy,robustness and hiddenness.

Key words: packets flow watermarking, smooth crossed grouping, inter-packet delay, convolutional code

中图分类号:

TP393.08

金华,朱慧,王昌达. 基于平滑分组的分组间隔时间流水印方法[J]. 通信学报, 2017, 38(10): 36-46.

Hua JIN,Hui ZHU,Chang-da WANG. Packets flow watermarking method based on the inter-packet delay with smooth crossed grouping[J]. Journal on Communications, 2017, 38(10): 36-46.

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参考文献 16

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抖动均值μ/ms	相似率
抖动均值μ/ms	[15,25]ms	[15,30]ms	[15,35]ms	[15,40]ms
2	0.937	0.937 5	0.937 5	0.940
4	0.906	0.912 8	0.937 5	0.940
8	0.812	0.875 0	0.937 5	1.000
16	0.750	0.777 7	0.818 0	0.833

抖动均值μ/ms	相似率
抖动均值μ/ms	[15,25]ms	[15,30]ms	[15,35]ms	[15,40]ms
2	0.812	0.906	0.937	0.937
4	0.750	0.840	0.850	0.875
8	0.730	0.812	0.833	0.854
16	0.700	0.812	0.820	0.836

抖动均值μ/ms	相似率
抖动均值μ/ms	[15,25]ms	[15,30]ms	[15,35]ms	15,40]ms
2	0.880 0	0.953 0	0.966	1.000
4	0.920 0	0.933 0	0.946	1.000
8	0.912 9	0.925 8	0.933	0.945
16	0.894 4	0.912 9	0.925	0.966

序列类型	相似率
序列类型	8位	16位	24位	32位
Y	0.593 7	0.500	0.479 0	0.437 5
W	0.547 7	0.559	0.527 0	0.500 0

序列类型	相似率
序列类型	8位	16位	24位	32位
Y	0.625 0	0.531	0.479	0.422
W	0.507 1	0.500	0.472	0.470

基于平滑分组的分组间隔时间流水印方法

Packets flow watermarking method based on the inter-packet delay with smooth crossed grouping

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图/表 16

参考文献 16

相关文章 8

Metrics

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方法名称	误判率
方法名称	μ=2 ms	μ=4 ms	μ=6 ms	μ=8 ms	μ=10 ms
平滑分组技术	0.47	0.45	0.45	0.43	0.42
原始分组技术	0.54	0.55	0.49	0.49	0.48

阈值范围	有水印嵌入序列的检测准确率		无水印嵌入序列的检测准确率
阈值范围	平滑分组技术	原始分组技术	平滑分组技术	原始分组技术
0.6～1.0	1.0	1.0	0.9	0.8
0.7～1.0	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.9
0.8～1.0	1.0	0.84	1.0	1.0
0.9～1.0	0.9	0.8	1.0	1.0

时间序列名称		平滑分组技术		原始分组技术
时间序列名称		μ	σ²	μ	σ²
嵌入水印时间分布	嵌入方a	26.70	47.66	27.79	26.1
嵌入水印时间分布	检测方b	28.18	47.03	28.72	40.2
未嵌入水印时间分布	嵌入方c	26.93	43.75	27.41	41.50
未嵌入水印时间分布	检测方d	28.13	43.50	28.82	64.79

检测方法	CCE值
正常数据分组流	1.95
水印数据分组流	1.89

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