基于动态分区的无线传感器网络非均匀成簇路由协议

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-436x.2014.01.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对节点负载不均而形成的“热区”问题，提出了一种基于动态分区负载均衡的分布式成簇路由协议(UCDP)。其核心思想是：将网络合理化地动态分区，使距离基站较近的区面积较小，从而减少需要承担转发任务节点的区内通信开销，节省更多的能量供数据转发使用；综合考虑距离因子和剩余能量因子进行区内非均匀成簇;有机结合簇内单跳和区间转发，区头与簇头共同协作进行路由传输。实验表明，协议具有较好的稳定性，显著延长了网络的生存周期。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 负载均衡, 动态分区, 非均匀成簇, 路由

Abstract:

To solve the “hot spots” problem caused by uneven load energy,a novel distributed clustering routing protocol was proposed.Its core is an uneven clustering routing protocol based on dynamic partition(UCDP).In UCDP,the entire network’s energy consumption is balanced by dynamic partitioning,making the regions closer to the sink node with smaller nodes,which can preserve some energy for inter-region data forwarding.Considering the distance factor and residual energy factor for uneven clustering in each region,cluster-heads and region-heads work together in UCDP.Via the combination of single-hop and multi-hop,DBUP has established an optimal energy-balanced routing protocol.Simulation results show that UCDP has good stability,and significantly prolongs the network life.

Key words: wireless sensor network, load balance, dynamic partition, uneven clustering, routing

孙彦清,彭舰,刘唐,陈晓海. 基于动态分区的无线传感器网络非均匀成簇路由协议[J]. 通信学报, 2014, 35(1): 198-206.

Yan-qing SUN,Jian PENG,Tang LIU,Xiao-hai CHEN. Uneven clustering routing protocol based on dynamic partition for wireless sensor network[J]. Journal on Communications, 2014, 35(1): 198-206.

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标识	描述
ID	邻居节点ID
E_r	邻居节点剩余能量
R_vie	邻居节点竞争范围

参数名	值	参数描述
R^ovie	90 m	区头最大竞争半径
R	60 m	簇头竞争半径
ξ_fs	10 pJ/( bit·m²)	功率放大电路能耗系数
ξ_mp	0.0013 pJ/(bit·m⁴)	功率放大电路能耗系数
E_elec	50 nJ/bit	射频能耗系数
l	4 000 bit	数据长度
P_i	0.03	区头数比例
α,β	0.55，0.45	概率因子
C	0.5	控制因子
E₀	500 J	网络初始总能量
β	2	广播半径倍数因子

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