无线传感器网络自适应目标跟踪节点调度算法

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2015113

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在无线传感器网络中，设计合理的节点调度算法是提高网络感知能力、降低系统能耗的关键。在分析节点能耗模型的基础上，针对移动目标跟踪型网络应用，提出一种高能效的无线传感器网络自适应节点调度算法ANSTT。该算法根据节点对移动目标的感知能力，以及节点的相对剩余能量水平，自动调整节点工作模式。仿真实验表明，ANSTT算法在维持低感知延时、高目标感知率的同时，可有效降低系统能耗，延长网络寿命。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 节点调度, 目标跟踪, 自适应, 高能效

Abstract:

An efficient node scheduling algorithm can significantly improve both the perceived ability and the energy efficiency for wireless sensor networks.Based on the model analysis of network node power consumption，an energy-efficient adaptive node scheduling algorithm for target tracking (ANSTT) is proposed for wireless sensor network.The algorithm automatically adjusts the working mode of sensor nodes according to the perceived ability on moving target and the relative remaining energy level (RREL) of nodes.Experiment results show that the proposed ANSTT algorithm effectively reduces system energy consumption and prolongs network lifetime while maintaining low detection delay and high target perceived rate.

Key words: wireless sensor networks, node scheduling, target tracking, adaptive, energy-efficient

卢旭,程良伦,罗世亮. 无线传感器网络自适应目标跟踪节点调度算法[J]. 通信学报, 2015, 36(4): 70-80.

Xu LU,Liang-lun CHENG,Shi-liang LUO. Adaptive node scheduling algorithm for target tracking in wireless sensor networks[J]. Journal on Communications, 2015, 36(4): 70-80.

图/表 17

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表2

几种不同的评价函数p(nSA=0)"

序号	n_{SA= 0}≤n_t
1	$p (n_{S A = 0}) = R R E L \times {0.68}^{n_{S A = 0}}$
2	$p (n_{S A = 0}) = R R E L (1 - \frac{1}{n_{S A = 0}})$
3	$p (n_{S A = 0}) = R R E L {(1 - \frac{1}{n_{S A = 0}})}^{2}$
4	$p (n_{S A = 0}) = R R E L {(1 - \frac{1}{n_{S A = 0}})}^{3}$
5	$p (n_{S A = 0}) = {(1 - \frac{1}{n_{S A = 0}})}^{4}$

表2

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参数	设定值
t_{TM_S→I}	800 μs
t_{TM_IDLE→RX}	150 μs
t_{TM_RX→IDLE}	0 μs
t_{TM_IDLE→TX}	150 μs
t_{TM_TX→IDLE}	0 μs
t_{TM_IDLE}	3.2 ms
t_{SEN_WORK}	12.5 s
t_{MCU_S→W}	3.4 ms
t_{MCU_W→S}	0 μs
t_{TM_RX}	14.7 ms
t_{TM_TX}	1.2 ms
t_{SEN_S→W}	180 μs
I_{MCU_WORK}	7.8 mA
I_{MCU_STBY}	0.005 mA
I_{SEN_WORK}	4.7 mA
I_{SEN_STBY}	0.002 mA
I_{TM_TX}	7.6～17.6 mA
I_{TM_RX}	17.6 mA
I_{TM_IDLE}	0.38 mA
I_{TM_ STBY}	0.003 mA