传感器网络中基于三元多项式的密钥管理方案

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-436X.2013.12.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出一种新的密钥管理方案KMTP(key management based on ternary polynomial)。基站为每个节点建立唯一性标识，保证节点合法性；基于三元多项式设计簇内和簇间密钥预分配算法，可以保证秘密多项式的破解门限值分别大于簇内节点和分簇总数，理论上难以破解；通过构造安全连通邻接表，设计簇间多跳路由选择算法，保证通信阶段的安全；引入更新参数和更新认证数，保证密钥更新阶段的安全。仿真表明，相比已有方案，KMTP开销较小，且能够提供更高的安全性。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 密钥管理, 分簇, 三元多项式, 更新认证数

Abstract:

A ternary polynomial based key management (KMTP) scheme was proposed,which is effective in cluster based wireless sensor networks.Firstly,the base station will give each node one unique identi ier to ensure the validity of the node.Then,algorithm of the inner-cluster and inter-cluster key pre-distribution based on the ternary polynomial of the same order was stated,which can ensure the value of the cracking threshold is bigger than the number of nodes of a clus-ter and all clusters separately,which means it's very hard to be cracked even all nodes of a cluster or all clusters are com-promised.To assure the communication security,inter-cluster multi-hop routing mechanism was designed based on con-structing secure conjunct neighbor table.Finally,the updating parameter and the updating authentication number were in-troduced in rekeying phase.The analysis shows that the proposed scheme can meet the security requirement of key man-agement,and it also has less computation cost and storage cost than the existing schemes.

Key words: wireless sensor network, key management, cluster, ternary polynomial, distance parameter

关志涛,徐月,伍军. 传感器网络中基于三元多项式的密钥管理方案[J]. 通信学报, 2013, 34(12): 71-78.

Zhi-tao GUAN,Yue XU,Jun WU. Ternary polynomial based key management scheme for wireless sensor network[J]. Journal on Communications, 2013, 34(12): 71-78.

图/表 10

图1

表1

表2

图2

表3

图3

表4

更新阶段各密钥管理方案开销比较"

开销	B-PCGR	C-PCGR	RV-PCGR	KMTP
计算开销	n次解密操作；F(q)上复杂度为O(μ³) 的乘/除运算 (q＞2^L)	n次解密操作；F(q)上复杂度为O(μ³)的乘/除运算	n次解密操作	F(2^L)上复杂度为O(1)的加解密操作；O(t²)+O(m²)的乘/除运算
存储开销	(n+1)(t+1)NL	(2n+1)(t+1)NL	2(n+1) (t+1)NL	$(t + 2) L \sum_{i = 0}^{m} w_{i}$
通信开销	nNL	2nNL	2nNL	(t+2)L(N-m)+(m+2)Lm

表4

图4

图5

图6

参考文献 7

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序列号	ID节点	K_init	DBSC	Flag_CN	Reg_Info
1	ID₁	K₁	0	N	NULL
2	ID₂	K₂	0	N	NULL
?	?	?	?	?	?
i	ID_i	K_i	0	N	NULL
?	?	?	?	?	?

符号	含义
T	时间戳
CN_i	第i个簇的簇头节点
ON_ij	第i个簇内的第j个普通节点
{ON_ij}	普通节点集合
{K}	普通节点的初始化密钥集合
K_{init_CNi}	CN_i的初始密钥
K_{init_ONij}	ON_ij的初始密钥
App_reg	申请注册信息
Reg_ONij	ON_ij的注册信息
Reg_CNi	CN_i发送的注册信息
Mes	通知注册的消息
A ^ki	CN_i的初始更新认证数

符号	含义
App_key	申请通信密钥函数信息
K_{init_KMNi}	密钥管理节点的初始密钥
f_ij	第i个簇的第j个更新周期的密钥函数