基于平台视角下的数据交易模式及特点分析

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.2023020

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the development status of the domestic and foreign data trading market and platform thinking perspective, the economic overview and prospect of data trading in China were analyzed.Combined with the platform economy and the characteristics of data trading platform market development, the transaction mode, platform types, data source method, and characteristics of data trading platform were discussed in depth respectively.In addition, a analysis of typical domestic government-led data trading platforms was conducted.The study of data trading platform models and characteristics presented reference starting points for the government in the policy formulation of data trading platform cultivation and development.Also, it put forward positive suggestions for cultivating the data trading platform market.

Key words: digital economy, data element, platform thinking, data exchange market

CLC Number:

F208

Hongmin CHEN, Honglin XIONG, Li XU, Yunpeng YANG, Xunfang ZHUO. Analysis of data trading model and characteristics based on platform perspective[J]. Big Data Research, 2023, 9(2): 56-66.

Figures/Tables 4

交易平台	平台类型	数据来源	交易产品类型	显著特征	平台优势	待完善之处
贵阳大数据交易所	综合数据服务平台	政府公开数据、企业内部数据、网页爬虫数据	API、数据包	不进行任何原始数据交易，而是根据特定要求进行处理后再进行交易，如对数据进行清洗、分析、可视化等操作后再进行交易	(1)具备权威性和公信力，能吸引、调动各方资源；（2）会员资格要求保证数据质量和数据的使用安全；（3）暂时规避了困扰数据交易的数据隐私保护和数据所有权问题,有利于活跃数据交易市场	(1)会员门槛机制应做出适当调整，避免限制数据潜在价值挖掘；（2）细分领域甚至跨行业的分析挖掘技术不足，需要适应更多的服务场景
北京国际大数据交易所	第三方数据交易平台	数据供应方提供的数据	API、数据包、数据报告等	借助隐私计算、区块链及智能合约等技术的优势，构建数据交易系统，实现数据流通的“可用不可见、可控可计量”，为数据供需双方提供可信的数据融合计算环境	（1）市场化交易可以调动企业提供、购买数据的积极性；（2）促进供需方进行公平且便捷的交易	(1)交易市场成熟度不够，企业出售和购买数据的意愿需进一步激发；（2）通过平台发布的数据供需匹配契合度待提高
华中大数据交易所	第三方数据交易平台	数据供应方提供的数据	API、数据包	国内唯一大区级大数据交易所和综合实时交易平台，不仅提供原始数据集，还提供实时数据和基于数据分析的潜在价值成果	（1）首个独立同时支持个人和机构用户的综合实时在线交易系统；（2）全国首个跨区域、标准化、综合性的大数据交易平台	不同地区、不同行业之间数据共享、对接和交换需要更通畅
上海数据交易所	第三方数据交易平台	数据供应方提供的数据	数据包	以“不合规不挂牌，无场景不交易”为基本原则，建立了数据交易的指引与规范，并研发了一套数据交易系统，该系统服务内容覆盖数据产品的特点、输出参数、交付形式及交付频率、交易支付方式等关键交易节点	（1）具有得天独厚的数字经济环境与国家数据港战略地位支持；（2）具备国内首发数商体系、数据交易配套制度、全数字化数据交易系统、数据产品登记凭证、首发数据产品说明书等机制创新，在解决“确权难、定价难、互信难、入场难、监管难”等数据交易的关键共性难题方面有了突破	目前交易以分业务板块探索为主，尚未全领域覆盖数据要素参与社会经济的交易活动，后续需要全领域覆盖
深圳数据交易所	第三方数据交易平台	企业内部数据、数据供应方提供的数据	数据包、API、加密数据、分析报告、应用程序等	已与多个行业的多家大型央企和本地国企合作，对接其数据供需匹配，交易数据质量管控严格。此外，将以建立深港数据交易合作为机制，发展跨境数据交易	（1）具有制度保障。深圳经济特区被授予独立立法权，为开展数据交易提供了有效的法规支撑;（2）具有强大产业优势，拥有众多国际性数字经济知名企业,在数据要素流通规则和标准制定上拥有强大话语权与公信力;（3）具有技术预研和实践探索经验。市政府已联合国家信息中心成立粤港澳大湾区大数据研究院及数据交易流通实验室，并同步推进实验平台搭建和技术验证	目前上架的数据产品以社会数据资源为主，公共数据产品交易还处于探索阶段

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