智慧城轨交通通信技术的分析与展望

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021029

电信科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 1-13.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021029

• 综述 • 下一篇

智慧城轨交通通信技术的分析与展望

赵军辉¹^,², 张丹阳¹, 贺林¹

¹ 北京交通大学电子信息工程学院，北京 100044
² 华东交通大学信息工程学院，江西南昌 310033

修回日期:2021-01-19 出版日期:2021-04-20 发布日期:2021-04-01
作者简介:赵军辉（1973- ），男，博士，北京交通大学电子信息工程学院教授、博士生导师，华东交通大学信息工程学院院长，主要研究方向为 6G 移动通信、车联网、轨道交通无线通信、智能信息处理、物联网等
张丹阳（1996- ），男，北京交通大学电子信息工程学院硕士生，主要研究方向为轨道交通无线通信、移动边缘计算
贺林（1998- ），女，北京交通大学电子信息工程学院硕士生，主要研究方向为轨道交通无线通信、移动边缘计算
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2001213);国家自然科学基金资助项目(61661021);国家自然科学基金资助项目(61971191);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(L182018);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(L201011);国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB1807204);中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所开放课题项目(20190910);江西省自然科学基金重点项目(20202ACBL202006)

Analysis and prospect of communication technology in smart urban rail

Junhui ZHAO¹^,², Danyang ZHANG¹, Lin HE¹

¹ School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
² School of Information Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 310033, China

Revised:2021-01-19 Online:2021-04-20 Published:2021-04-01
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2001213);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61661021);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61971191);The Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L182018);The Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L201011);The National Key Research and Development Project(2020YFB1807204);The Open Project of Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology(20190910);The Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20202ACBL202006)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决由城轨环境特殊性导致的通信可靠性、时延性能降低以及运营效率瓶颈等问题，首先从整体运营控制的角度分析了城轨通信需求。结合新型智能运行控制技术及T2T（train to train，列车到列车）通信、5G、人工智能、移动边缘计算等新兴信息技术对城轨通信关键技术进行梳理、总结与展望；然后提出了一种新型城轨通信网络架构，最后探讨了智慧城轨通信技术的研究方向与面临的挑战，为智慧城市的发展提供研究基础。

关键词: 城市轨道交通, 列控系统, 车－车通信, 移动边缘计算, 人工智能

Abstract:

The particularity of the urban rail transit environment leads to the problems such as reducing communication reliability, delay performance and operating efficiency bottlenecks.Therefore, the demand for urban rail communication was analyzed from the perspective of overall operational efficiency.New intelligent communication control technologies such as T2T (train to train) communication, 5G, artificial intelligence, and mobile edge computing were combined to summarize and prospect the key technologies of urban rail communication.Then, a new type of urban rail communication network architecture was proposed.Finally, the research direction and challenges of smart urban rail communication technology were discussed, which also provided a research foundation for the development of smart cities.

Key words: urban rail transit, train control system, train to train communication, mobile edge computing, artificial intelligence

中图分类号:

TN929

赵军辉, 张丹阳, 贺林. 智慧城轨交通通信技术的分析与展望[J]. 电信科学, 2021, 37(4): 1-13.

Junhui ZHAO, Danyang ZHANG, Lin HE. Analysis and prospect of communication technology in smart urban rail[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2021, 37(4): 1-13.

图/表 8

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参数	取值
带宽B	10 MHz
BS覆盖半径	3 km
天线增益	7 dBi
BS接收机噪声系数	5 dB
列车的天线增益	4 dBi
列车接收机噪声系数	8 dB
列车速度	65～90 km/h
相邻列车间的距离	600～900 m
T2W发射功率	43 dBm
T2T发射功率等级	{10,23,33} dBm
T2W链路路损模型	37.6 lg d + 128.1 dB
T2T链路路损模型	40 lg d + 148 dB
学习率α	0.001
折扣率γ	0.4
权重因子λ	{0.1,0.15,0.18,0.2,0.205,0.25}

通信解决方案	系统架构	通信模式	信号系统数据吞吐	理论最高支持列车运行速度	优势与限制
TBTC	轨道电路	单向传输车到地信息	/	80 km/h	无须无线传输，但基于电气化轨道电路的安全隐患高
WLAN	轨旁 AP+无线传输媒介	车地间双向实时传输	3 Mbit/s	140 km/h	支持无线传输，但数据速率低，车地传输设备复杂，极易受到干扰
LTE-M	轨旁BBU+RRU+无线传输媒介	车地间双向实时传输	10 Mbit/s	200 km/h	提供更高的数据传输速率，但频谱资源稀缺，频谱利用率较低
LTE-M+MEC	同上并增加MEC服务器	车地间双向实时传输	≥10 Mbit/s	200 km/h	满足较高数据传输速率并优化传输时延，但成本较高
T2T	在 CBTC 系统基础上增加车车通信设备，简化车地通信	车地间双向实时传输，并增加冗余车到车通信	WLAN：≥3 Mbit/s LTE-M:≥10 Mbit/s	WLAN：140 km/h LTE-M:200 km/h	提升列车安全性能以及运行效率，但频谱资源限制导致新的资源分配问题
5G-M	基于5G通信系统	车地间双向实时传输	≥500 Mbit/s	250 km/h	数据传输速率极高，但覆盖范围小，存在频繁切换以及高昂的建设成本问题

智慧城轨交通通信技术的分析与展望

Analysis and prospect of communication technology in smart urban rail

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