一种基于差分进化的鲁棒音频隐写算法

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021246

电信科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11): 64-74.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2021246

一种基于差分进化的鲁棒音频隐写算法

苏兆品¹^,²^,³, 沈朝勇¹, 张国富¹^,²^,³, 岳峰¹^,², 胡东辉¹^,²^,³

¹ 合肥工业大学计算机与信息学院，安徽合肥 230601
² 合肥工业大学工业安全应急技术安徽省重点实验室，安徽合肥 230601
³ 合肥工业大学智能互联系统安徽省实验室，安徽合肥 230009

修回日期:2021-10-14 出版日期:2021-11-20 发布日期:2021-11-01
作者简介:苏兆品（1983− ），女，博士，合肥工业大学副教授，主要研究方向为语音安全、进化算法
沈朝勇（1996− ），男，合肥工业大学硕士生，主要研究方向为音频隐写、进化算法
张国富（1979− ），男，博士，合肥工业大学教授，主要研究方向为语音安全、软件工程
岳峰（1981− ），男，博士，合肥工业大学副研究员，主要研究方向为软件工程、信息安全
胡东辉（1973− ），男，博士，合肥工业大学教授，主要研究方向为信息安全、机器学习
基金资助:
安徽省重点研究与开发计划(202004d07020011);安徽省重点研究与开发计划(202104d07020001);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJC870021);广东省类脑智能计算重点实验室开放课题(GBL202117);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(PA2020GDKC0015);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(PA2021GDSK0073);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(PA2021GDSK0074)

A robust audio steganography algorithm based on differential evolution

Zhaopin SU¹^,²^,³, Chaoyong SHEN¹, Guofu ZHANG¹^,²^,³, Feng YUE¹^,², Donghui HU¹^,²^,³

¹ School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
² Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industry Safety and Emergency Technology (Hefei University of Technology), Hefei 230601, China
³ Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province (Hefei University of Technology), Hefei 230009, China

Revised:2021-10-14 Online:2021-11-20 Published:2021-11-01
Supported by:
The Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Program(202004d07020011);The Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Program(202104d07020001);MOE (Ministry of Education in China) Project of Humanities and Social Sciences(19YJC870021);Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Intelligent Computation(GBL202117);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(PA2020GDKC0015);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(PA2021GDSK0073);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(PA2021GDSK0074)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

音频隐写是将秘密信息隐藏到音频载体中，已成为信息隐藏领域的一个研究热点。已有研究大多聚焦最小化隐写失真，却以牺牲隐写容量为代价，且往往被一些常规信号攻击后难以正确提取秘密信息。为此，基于扩频技术，首先，分析了隐写参数（分段隐写强度和分段隐写容量）与不可感知性和鲁棒性的关系，并构建了一种以分段隐写强度、分段隐写容量为自变量，以不可感知性和隐写容量为优化目标，以信噪比为约束条件的音频隐写多目标优化模型；然后，提出了一种基于差分进化的鲁棒音频隐写算法，设计了相应的编码、适应度函数、交叉和变异算子。对比实验结果表明，所提隐写算法能够在保证不可感知性和抗隐写分析能力的前提下达到更好的鲁棒性，可以有效抵御一些常规信号处理攻击。

关键词: 音频隐写, 隐写参数, 差分进化, 鲁棒性

Abstract:

Audio steganography is to hide secret information into the audio carrier and has become a research hotspot in the field of information hiding.Most of the existing studies focus on minimizing distortion at the expense of steganography capacity, and it is often difficult for them to extract secret information correctly after some common signal processing attacks.Therefore, based on the spread spectrum technology, firstly, the relationship between steganography parameters (i.e., segmented scaling parameters and steganography capacity) and imperceptibility as well as robustness was analyzed.Next, a multi-objective optimization model of audio steganography was presented, in which segmented scaling parameters and steganography capacity were decision variables, imperceptibility and steganography capacity were optimization objectives, and the signal-to-noise ratio was a constraint.Then, a robust audio steganography algorithm based on differential evolution was proposed, including the corresponding encoding, fitness function, crossover and mutation operators.Finally, comparative experimental results show that the proposed steganography algorithm can achieve better robustness against common signal processing attacks on the premise of ensuring imperceptibility and anti-detection.

Key words: audio steganography, steganography parameters, differential evolution, robustness

中图分类号:

TP309.2

苏兆品, 沈朝勇, 张国富, 岳峰, 胡东辉. 一种基于差分进化的鲁棒音频隐写算法[J]. 电信科学, 2021, 37(11): 64-74.

Zhaopin SU, Chaoyong SHEN, Guofu ZHANG, Feng YUE, Donghui HU. A robust audio steganography algorithm based on differential evolution[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2021, 37(11): 64-74.

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序号	攻击方式
（1）	MP3压缩（128 bit/s）
（2）	重量化（8 bit/s）
（3）	幅值修改（90%）
（4）	重采样：先以原始采样率的一半进行下采样，再以原始采样率进行上采样
（5）	加高斯白噪声
（6）	低通滤波
（7）	中值滤波
（8）	裁剪：每2 000个样本点随机选择5个位置进行裁剪

攻击	（1）	（2）	（3）	（4）	（5）	（6）	（7）	（8）
STC
BER	0.348 1	0.492 1	0.299 1	0.385 5	0.517 8	0.496 1	0.493 9	0.043 0
DWT
BER	0.488 0	0.480 0	0.136	0.177 7	0.438 2	0.465 1	0.136 5	0.157 7
DE
BER	0.016 4	0.001 5	0.004 6	0	0.040 3	0.119 1	0	0.007 3

攻击	（1）	（2）	（3）	（4）	（5）	（6）	（7）	（8）
STC
BER	0.363 4	0.508 5	0.293 4	0.411 1	0.489 3	0.504 4	0.479 0	0.042 7
DWT
BER	0.485 1	0.509 0	0.144 3	0.183 1	0.436 3	0.461 7	0.145 0	0.173 1
DE
BER	0	0.002 6	0.003 4	0	0.115 7	0.194 6	0.007 0	0.021 0

隐写方法	音频数	检测出的数目	正确率
DE	100	20	20%
STC	100	22	22%
DWT	100	18	18%

一种基于差分进化的鲁棒音频隐写算法

A robust audio steganography algorithm based on differential evolution

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音频	test1	test 2	test 3	test 4	test 5
音频长度/s	10	20	30	40	50