无人机辅助移动边缘计算网络中轨迹设计和带宽分配策略

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2023.00329

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究了在无人机（UAV, unmanned aerial vehicle）辅助移动边缘计算（MEC, mobile edge computing）网络中，单个UAV可以作为移动基站接收网络中多个用户设备卸载的数据场景。由于需要满足UAV的机动性、系统的计算时延和通信时延等要求，以最小化网络能耗为目标，提出了联合优化 UAV 三维飞行轨迹和用户设备带宽分配的方法。对应的非凸不易求解的优化问题转换为两个子优化问题，即在给定带宽的条件下 UAV 三维飞行轨迹优化的问题以及给定 UAV 三维飞行轨迹的条件下用户设备带宽分配策略的优化问题。仿真结果表明，所提算法的能耗明显低于另外两种典型算法。更进一步，本文为解决UAV辅助MEC网络中资源和能耗受限的问题提供了有力的理论依据。

关键词: 移动边缘计算, UAV, 轨迹优化, 带宽分配

Abstract:

The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted mobile edge computing (MEC) network, where the UAV can be used as a mobile base station to collect data from the multiple user devices was studied.Since it should satisfy the UAV velocity constraint, the system computation latency constraint, and the system communication latency constraint, a joint scheme of bandwidth allocation and UAV 3D trajectory was proposed to minimize the total energy consumption of the network.The corresponding non-convex optimization problem that is difficult to solve was converted into two sub-optimization problems, which are the UAV 3D trajectory optimization subproblem by fixing bandwidth allocation, and the user equipment bandwidth allocation subproblem by fixing UAV 3D trajectory.Experiments demonstrate that the energy consumption of the proposed algorithm is less than that of the other two typical algorithms.Furthermore, the theoretical basis for solving the limited resource and energy problem in UAV-assisted MEC network was provided.

Key words: mobile edge computing, UAV, trajectory optimization, bandwidth allocation

中图分类号:

TN925

江雪, 赵亮. 无人机辅助移动边缘计算网络中轨迹设计和带宽分配策略[J]. 物联网学报, 2023, 7(4): 123-131.

Xue JIANG, Liang ZHAO. Trajectory design and bandwidth allocation strategy in UAV-assisted MEC network[J]. Chinese Journal on Internet of Things, 2023, 7(4): 123-131.

图/表 7

图1

表1

仿真参数"

参数	符号	设定值
执行任务周期	$T_{f}$	48 s
区域范围	D	80 m
带宽	B	30 MHz
UAV的有效载荷	M	6 kg
UAV的最大飞行速度	$V_{\max}$	20 m/s
UAV的最大加速度	$θ_{\max}$	5 m/s ²
固定时间步长	$δ_{t}$	1
UAV的最大计算能力	$f_{u}^{C}$	1 GHz
计算1bit输入数据需要的CPU周期	$β_{u}$	[5，25]
高斯白噪声功率	$σ^{2}$	- 174 dBm/Hz
平均信道功率增益（距离为1 m）	$ζ_{0}$	- 60 dB
完成所有任务需要的时间	$T_{u} (t)$	[5，20]s
用户设备的最大发送功率	$p_{u}^{\max} (t)$	100 mW
用户设备的最大数据量	$a_{u} (t)$	[0.4，1]×10⁵bit
路径衰减系数	θ	2

表1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

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