基于联盟区块链的公益善款溯源系统研究

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.2022078

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对当前公益慈善行业存在的善款流向不透明、不可追溯和捐赠信息易篡改等问题，构建了一种基于联盟区块链的公益善款溯源系统模型，共识过程中应用了一种改进的PBFT共识算法——DG-PBFT算法，将原有的主节点的随机选举改进为采用积分制选举，并将原来的三阶段共识优化为两阶段，溯源系统依托于Hyperledger Fabric平台进行开发，配置四个组织分别对应于捐助方、受助方、慈善机构和监管部门，采用Go语言进行链码开发，根据功能需求设计了智能合约，不仅实现了善款信息的溯源，还能通过该溯源系统进行申诉与监督。实验结果表明，该溯源系统在保证了去中心化程度的同时，还可以增强数据的可信度、保证数据的安全性，降低通信开销，提高溯源的效率。

关键词: 区块链, 超级账本, 善款溯源, 智能合约, 去中心化

Abstract: In view of the problems existing in the current public charity industry, such as opaque, untraceable and easy to tamper with donation information, a public charity donation traceability system model based on consortium blockchain is constructed. In the process of consensus, an improved PBFT consensus algorithm——DG-PBFT algorithm is applied, which improves the original random election of the master node to adopt the points system election, and optimally transforms the original three-stage consensus into two-stage consensus.The system is developed on Hyperledger Fabric platform. Four organizations corresponding to donors, recipients, charities and regulatory departments were configured to use Go language for chain code development. Smart contracts were designed according to functional requirements, which not only realized the traceability of donation information, but also could appeal and supervise through the traceability system. The experiment result shows that the traceability system can not only ensure the degree of decentralization, but also enhance the reliability of data, ensure the security of data, reduce the communication cost and improve the efficiency of traceability.

Key words: blockchain, hyperledger fabric, donation tracing, intelligent contract, decentralization

高玮军, 王凯. 基于联盟区块链的公益善款溯源系统研究[J]. 大数据, doi: 10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.2022078.

GAO Weijun, WANG Kai. Research on public welfare donation traceability system based on consortium blockchains[J]. Big Data Research, doi: 10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.2022078.

参考文献

[1]郝琨, 信俊昌, 黄达, 等. 去中心化的分布式存储模型[J]. 计算机工程与应用, 2017, 53(24): 1-7.
[2]Caro M P, Ali M S, Vecchio M, et al. Blockchain-based traceability in Agri-Food supply chain management: A practical implementation[C]//2018 IoT Vertical and Topical Summit on Agriculture-Tuscany (IOT Tuscany). IEEE, 2018: 1-4.
[3]Nakamoto S. Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system[J]. Decentralized Business Review,2008: 21260.
[4]Larimer D. Transactions as proof-of-stake[J]. Nov-2013, 2013.
[5]Zhang Y, Zhang P, Tao F, et al. Consensus aware manufacturing service collaboration optimization under blockchain based Industrial Internet platform[J]. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 2019, 135: 1025-1035.
[6]George R V, Harsh H O, Ray P, et al. Food quality traceability prototype for restaurants using blockchain and food quality data index[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 240: 118021.
[7]Figorilli S, Antonucci F, Costa C, et al. A blockchain implementation prototype for the electronic open source traceability of wood along the whole supply chain[J]. Sensors, 2018, 18(9): 3133.
[8]Lin Q, Wang H, Pei X, et al. Food safety traceability system based on blockchain and EPCIS[J]. IEEE access, 2019, 7: 20698-20707.
[9]吴晓彤, 柳平增, 王志铧. 基于区块链的农产品溯源系统研究[J]. 计算机应用与软件, 2021, 38(5): 42-48.
[10]禹忠, 郭畅, 谢永斌, 等. 基于区块链的医药防伪溯源系统研究[J]. 计算机工程与应用, 2020, 56(3): 35-41.
[11]王云斌. 中国公益慈善信息管理系统的设计与实现[D]. 吉林大学, 2015.
[12]徐钰超. 基于 ASP .NET 慈善捐助系统设计与实现[D]. 大连理工大学, 2017.
[13]许可, 黄志炜, 黄培颖. 基于 z/900 大型主机的捐助服务系统的设计与实现[J]. 陕西科技大学学报: 自然科学版, 2010, 28(5): 92-96.
[14]赵丹青. 基于区块链的互联网公益平台的开发[D]. 上海交通大学, 2017.
[15]李琪, 李勍, 朱建明, 等. 基于区块链技术的慈善应用模式与平台[J]. 计算机应用, 2017, 37(S2): 287-292.
[16]Sirisha N S, Agarwal T, Monde R, et al. Proposed solution for trackable donations using blockchain[C]//2019 International Conference on Nascent Technologies in Engineering (ICNTE). IEEE, 2019: 1-5.
[17]Hande R, Agarwal T, Monde R, et al. CharityChain-Donations Using Blockchain[C]//International Conference on Computer Networks and Inventive Communication Technologies. Springer, Cham, 2019: 606-612.
[18]Sai D V,Sai A Y,Reddy E K,et al.Funds Transfer using blockchain[J]. International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering,2019,7(3):76-79.
[19]李奕,胡丹青.区块链在社会公益领域的应用实践[J].信息技术与标准化, 2017(3):25-27.
[20]陈志东,董爱强,孙赫等.基于众筹业务的私有区块链研究[J].信息安全研究,2017,3(3):227-236.
[21]Christidis K, Devetsikiotis M. Blockchains and smart contracts for the internet of things[J]. IEEE Access, 2016, 4: 2292-2303.
[22]Lu Q, Xu X. Adaptable blockchain-based systems: A case study for product traceability[J]. IEEE Software, 2017, 34(6): 21-27.
[23]Figorilli S, Antonucci F, Costa C, et al. A blockchain implementation prototype for the electronic open source traceability of wood along the whole supply chain[J]. Sensors, 2018, 18(9): 3133.
[24]邵奇峰, 金澈清, 张召, 等. 区块链技术: 架构及进展[J]. 计算机学报, 2018, 41(5): 969-988.