低轨星座系统的可控波束到地功率通量密度研究

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022073

电信科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 49-58.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022073

低轨星座系统的可控波束到地功率通量密度研究

黄颖, 李伟, 简晨, 严康

国家无线电监测中心，北京 100037

修回日期:2022-04-15 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2022-04-01
作者简介:黄颖（1968− ），女，国家无线电监测中心高级工程师，主要研究方向为空间无线电业务管理技术
李伟（1984− ），男，博士，国家无线电监测中心高级工程师，主要研究方向为卫星通信系统的频率兼容技术、频谱共享技术
简晨（1987− ），男，国家无线电监测中心高级工程师，主要研究方向为卫星通信系统频率兼容技术、卫星监测技术
严康（1989− ），男，国家无线电监测中心高级工程师，主要研究方向为卫星通信系统的频率兼容技术、无线电监测技术
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB1806100);国家自然科学基金资助项目(91738101)

Research on power flux-density at the earth’s surface produced by emissions from the steerable beam of LEO constellation system

Ying HUANG, Wei LI, Chen JIAN, Kang YAN

The State Radio Monitoring Center, Beijing 100037, China

Revised:2022-04-15 Online:2022-04-20 Published:2022-04-01
Supported by:
The National Key Research and Development Program(2020YFB1806100);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(91738101)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

功率通量密度是评估空间业务系统保护地面业务系统的一项干扰评价指标。给出了低轨星座系统可控波束的功率通量密度的计算方法和特定可控角下功率通量密度限值的符合性判定算法。在此基础上，提出了一种基于仰角遍历的功率通量密度限值的符合性判定算法。结合低轨星座系统的特征，论证了简化最大功率通量密度计算需要满足的条件。以Starlink系统为分析场景，计算分析了其Ka/E频段馈电波束的功率通量密度，并与SpaceX公开的结果对比验证了所提方法的正确性。结果表明，Starlink系统Ka频段馈电波束到地功率通量密度在仰角低于20°时不满足《无线电规则》规定的限值要求。

关键词: 低轨星座系统, 功率通量密度, 频率资源, 可控波束, 同频干扰

Abstract:

The power flux-density (PFD) is an interference criterion for protecting terrestrial service systems from space service systems.A calculation method on the PFD produced by the emissions from the steerable beam of low earth orbit (LEO) constellation system was given, and thus a compliance determination algorithm of the limits of PFD under specific steering angle was presented.On this basis, a compliance determination algorithm of the limits of PFD based on elevation traversal was proposed.Combined with the characteristics of LEO constellation system, the conditions to simplify the calculation of maximum PFD of steerable beam were demonstrated.Taking the Starlink system as the typical scenario, the PFD produced by the gateway beam was analyzed, and the correctness of the proposed method was verified by comparison with the results published by SpaceX.The results showed that the PFD of the gateway beam of the Starlink system in Ka frequency band atelevations below 20° exceeded the limits given in Radio Regulations.

Key words: LEO constellation system, power flux-density, frequency resource, steerable beam, co-frequency interference

中图分类号:

TN927.2

黄颖, 李伟, 简晨, 严康. 低轨星座系统的可控波束到地功率通量密度研究[J]. 电信科学, 2022, 38(4): 49-58.

Ying HUANG, Wei LI, Chen JIAN, Kang YAN. Research on power flux-density at the earth’s surface produced by emissions from the steerable beam of LEO constellation system[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2022, 38(4): 49-58.

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轨道高度/km	倾角	信关站馈电波束最低通信仰角
轨道高度/km	倾角	Ka频段	E频段
328.3	30°	25°	25°
334.4	40°	25°	25°
345.6	53°	25°	25°
360	96.9°	5/25°	5/25°
373.2	75°	5/25°	5/25°
498.8	53°	25°	25°
604	148°	25°	25°
614	115.7°	25°	25°

地球站通信仰角θ	卫星下行波束半视角φ	通信距离/km
5°	70.56°	1 687
10°	68.78°	1 331
15°	66.11°	1 078
20°	62.81°	898
25°	59.08°	767
90°	0	360

参数			不同水平面上到达角EIRP谱密度/dB(W/(m²·参考带宽))
频率范围	参考带宽	数据来源	90°	25°	20°	15°	10°	5°
17.8～18.6 GHz 18.8～19.3 GHz	1 Hz	文献[13]	-51.2	-44.6	—	—	—	-48.3
71～75 GHz	1 MHz	图9	16	23	24	26	28	30

参数			PFD来源	不同水平面上到达角最大PFD/dB(W/(m²·参考带宽))
波束	频率范围	参考带宽	PFD来源	0～5	5～10	10～15	15～20	20～25	25～90
			SpaceX核定值^[14]	-123.8	-113.3	-113.3	-113.3	-113.3	-113.3
Ka频段	17.8～18.6 GHz	1 MHz	计算值	-123.8	-113.3	—	—	—	-113.3
	18.8～19.3 GHz		限值	-555.6	-443.0	-330.3	-217.7	-105	-105
			余量	-431.8	-329.7	-217	-104.4	8.3	8.3
		1 MHz	SpaceX核定值^[14]	-106.0	-106.0	-106.0	-106.0	-106.0	-106.0
E频段	71～75 GHz	1 MHz	计算值	-106.1	-105.6	-106.1	-105.6	-105.5	-105.5
		1 MHz	限值	无	无	无	无	无	无

低轨星座系统的可控波束到地功率通量密度研究

Research on power flux-density at the earth’s surface produced by emissions from the steerable beam of LEO constellation system

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