数据中心网络性能保障研究综述

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2023125

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

数据中心网络（DCN）作为重要的信息基础设施支撑了众多分布式应用，如人工智能训练和云存储等。这些应用通过网络传输大量数据，因此对数据中心网络性能的稳定性提出了很高的要求。近年来，数据中心网络性能保障研究受到学术界和工业界的广泛关注。首先，分析了数据中心网络实现性能保障面临的主要挑战，并提出了提升性能稳定性的研究思路。其次，总结了性能有保障的数据中心网络必备的三大属性——高可用性、带宽保证和有界延迟，系统性地综述了这 3 个方面的相关研究工作，并对这些研究工作从多个角度进行了对比分析。最后，对数据中心网络性能保障研究的未来发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词: 数据中心网络, 性能保障, 带宽保证, 高可用性

Abstract:

As an important information infrastructure, data center network (DCN) supports numerous distributed applications, such as artificial intelligence training and cloud storage.These applications require the transmission of large amounts of data, and as a result, the demand for performance stability of DCN has been increasing.The performance guarantee of DCN has gained widespread attention from both academia and industry in recent years.Firstly, the main challenges of implementing performance guarantees in DCN were analyzed, and the research directions to improve performance stability were proposed.Secondly, three essential capabilities for a performance-guaranteed DCN were summarized, such as high availability, bandwidth guarantee, and bounded latency.The comparative analysis of the relevant research was provided from multiple perspectives.In the end, the future development trend of the research on the performance guarantee of DCN was looked forward to.

Key words: data center network, performance guarantee, bandwidth guarantee, high availability

中图分类号:

TP393

高凯辉, 李丹. 数据中心网络性能保障研究综述[J]. 电信科学, 2023, 39(6): 1-21.

Kaihui GAO, Dan LI. Data center networks with performance guarantee: a survey[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2023, 39(6): 1-21.

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领域类型	代表工作	响应时间	开销	网络要求
故障检测主机侧	Pingmesh^[25]、deTector^[26]、NetBouncer^[27]	毫秒～秒级	高带宽开销	—
	NetPoirot^[28]、Roy^[29]、007^[30]	秒级	高CPU开销	—
	Trumpet^[31]、SIMON^[32]	秒级	高CPU开销	FPGA网卡
网络侧	BasisDetect^[33]	分钟级	—	采集全网数据
	F10^[34]	毫秒	高带宽开销	可编程交换机
	Everflow^[35]、LossRadar^[36]、NetSeer^[37]、FANcY^[38]	秒级	高带宽、CPU开销	可编程交换机
重路由拓扑工程	F10^[34]、ShareBackup^[39]	毫秒	—	更改拓扑
网络内重路由	IPFRR^[40-42]、MPLS-FRR^[43]、SDN-failover^[44-45]、BGPPIC^[46]	毫秒	—	—
	DDC^[47]、Plinko^[48]、PURR^[49]	毫秒	—	可编程交换机
源路由	SR-FCP ^[50]、SlickFlow ^[51]、SecondNet ^[52]	毫秒	带宽开销	支持源路由

类型	代表工作	租户级带宽保证	资源高效利用	网络要求
带宽预留	SecondNet^[52]、Oktopus^[70]、CloudMirror^[71]、Silo^[72]	√	×	商用交换机
	Proteus^[73]、HUG^[74]	√	√	商用交换机
	Hadrian^[75]	√	√	定制交换机
队列隔离	FairCloud (PS-P)^[76]、NetShare^[77][78]	√	√	逐租户队列
	Trinity	√	√	多优先级队列
加权拥塞控制	Seawall^[79]、FairCloud (PS-L/N)^[76]	×	√	ECN功能
	ElasticSwitch^[80]	√	√	负载均衡网络
端侧准入控制	Gatekeeper^[81]、EyeQ^[82]、Pulsar^[83]、PicNIC^[84]	√	部分	无拥塞网络
端网协同	μFab^[10]	√	√	可编程网络

类型	代表工作	低延迟	有界延迟	网络要求
拥塞控制	DCTCP^[63]、DCQCN^[58]	√	×	ECN功能
	TIMELY^[93]、Swift^[94]	√	×	RTT精确测量
	HPCC^[90]	√	×	INT功能
	μFab^[6]	√	√	可编程网络
集中式调度	Fastpass^[95]、Silo^[72]	×	√	源路由
	Chameleon^[96]、PL2^[97]	×	√	可编程交换机
截止时间调度	D^3[98]、PDQ^[99]、D²TCP^[100]、L²DCT^[101]	×	部分	定制交换机
优先级调度	pFabric^[88]、QJUMP^[102]、Karuna^[103]、Aequitas^[104]	部分	×	流信息已知
	PIAS^[105]、AuTO^[106]、Trinity^[78]	部分	×	流信息不感知
	PASE ^[107]	√	×	商用交换机