车载自组织网络中基于邻居节点数估计的最小竞争窗口调整算法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0801.2013.06.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对基于IEEE 802.11p的车载自组织网络（VANET）中控制信道上周期性广播的可扩展性问题，提出了一种基于邻居节点估计的最小竞争窗口调整算法。首先，在IEEE 802.11广播退避的马尔可夫模型的基础上，以最小化碰撞概率为目的，推导出最小竞争窗口（CWmin）和活跃节点数n 之间的关系；然后，利用周期性广播的beacon消息的特点对节点的邻居节点数进行实时估计，并根据估计的邻居节点数动态调整最小竞争窗口；最后，对提出的算法和IEEE 802.11p固定CWmin方法进行仿真比较分析。结果表明，提出的算法在广播接收率上优于原始方法。

关键词: 车载自组织网络, 周期性广播, 退避, 最小竞争窗口

Abstract:

In order to solve the periodic broadcast scalability of IEEE 802.11p-based VANET on control channel, a minimum contention window adjustment algorithm based on neighbor nodes number estimation was proposed. First of all, in order to minimize the collision probability, the relationship between minimum contention window（CWmin）and active node number n was deduced on the basis of Markov model IEEE 802.11 broadcast backoff. Then minimum contention window was adjusted dynamically by estimating the number of neighbor nodes in real time. Finally, the proposed algorithm and the original's fixed CWmin method were compared by simulation, and the results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the original method in broadcast reception rate.

Key words: vehicular Ad Hoc network, periodic broadcast, backoff, minimum contention window

李大鹏,袁涛,赵海涛. 车载自组织网络中基于邻居节点数估计的最小竞争窗口调整算法[J]. 电信科学, 2013, 29(6): 82-88.

Dapeng Li,Tao Yuan,Haitao Zhao. Study on Minimum Contention Window Size Adjustment Algorithm Based on Neighbor Nodes Number Estimation in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2013, 29(6): 82-88.

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仿真参数	数值
场景大小	2 000 m_×2 000 m
仿真时间	300 s
仿真次数	10次
车辆移动模型	IDM_IM模型
车辆密度（车辆/线路/km）	10/20/30/40/50/60/70/80/90/100
车辆速度	0～35 m/s
无线传播模型	双径传播模型
天线类型	全向天线
MAC层协议类型	IEEE 802_11Ext
路由协议	Dumb Agent
流量代理	PBC Agent

仿真参数	数值
工作频率	5.895 GHz
信道带宽	10 MHz
监听门限	-85 dBm
噪声	-99 dBm
传输功率	0.05 W
传输和接收天线高度	1.5m
传输和接收天线增益	1 dBm
帧时隙	13 μs
SIFS	32 μs
CW_min	3/7/15/自适应CW_min

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