车联社会网络综述

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2015022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

车联社会网络是一种融合了社会科学与无线通信技术的移动通信网络，旨在为车载用户提供基于社会关系的数据投递服务。在分析国内外移动社会网络及车载网络研究现状基础上，提出了车联社会网络的基本架构及其典型应用，深入分析了车载网络与社会网络之间的关系，探讨了车联社会网络中信息投递、带宽分配、分布式存储和安全隐私等技术中存在的关键问题及其解决策略，最后讨论了该领域中新的研究方向与挑战。

关键词: 车联社会网络, 移动社会网络, 车载网络

Abstract:

Combining techniques of social networks and wireless communications,vehicular social network (VSN) aim to provide a variety of data delivery services based on the social relationship among vehicle users.With the extensive survey and analysis of existing research work on mobile social network (MSN) and vehicle networks,the architecture and applications of vehicular social network (VSN) as well as the relationship between vehicle networks and social network from a technical viewpoint are presented.The key technologies in VSN are summarized,including the problems and solutions in terms of information delivery,bandwidth allocation,distributed caching,security and privacy.Moreover,future research directions and challenges are presented.

Key words: vehicular social network, mobile social network, vehicle network

王翔,冷甦鹏,张可,刘浩. 车联社会网络综述[J]. 通信学报, 2015, 36(1): 199-210.

Xiang WANG,Su-peng LENG,Ke ZHANG,Hao LIU. Vehicular social network:a survey[J]. Journal on Communications, 2015, 36(1): 199-210.

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社会度量	描述	在车载网络中的应用
距离（distance）	社会网络中节点之间最短路径的跳数	表示车载用户之间的共同兴趣爱好的相似度。可用于VSN中的信息推送，社团划分，信息共享
网络密度（density）	车载用户之间连接的密度	描述了网络中节点之间连接密度的分布。配合车载用户的地理位置可以用于优化RSU的部署，路由选路
社会关系强度（tie strength）	2个节点之间的相遇的频次和相遇的时间长短	用来预测车载用户之间的行驶路径的相似度，优化路由协议以及它们之间的信息共享
节点度（node degree）	节点在社会网络图中的度	描述车载用户在网络中的流行程度。社团内部进行信息传递时，社团内节点的度将是路由选路的一个重要度量值
中介中间性（betweenness centrality）	在社会网络中，节点作为2个相邻节点的中间桥梁节点的度量	连接2个社会团体的中间节点会具有很高的中介中间性，这个中间节点在社团之间的信息交互过程中，起到了很关键的作用
聚集系数（cluster coefficient)	在社会网络图中，节点的邻居节点之间的社会关系强度	聚集系数可以用于社团（community）发现，将具有相同兴趣爱好（比如：广告，告警信息，共享资源）的一群用户组成虚拟的社会团体
接近中心度（closeness centrality）	在社会网络图中，与其他所有节点具有最短路径的节点	描述了最高效的路径和网络的可视性。选取接近中心度最高的节点作为信息分发和扩散的源节点，可以有效的减少信息扩散的时延和网络的开销

VSN组件	组件实例	组件作用
车载用户终端	车载通信设备、乘客携带的移动终端（手机、笔记本）以及车辆传感器（包括自动距离传感器，比如雷达、激光雷达、相机以及能够检测车辆行驶状况的车轮速度传感器与车轮角度传感器^[13]）	车载用户进行信息的发送与接收的通信设备；VSN的信息源，存储单元
基础接入网络	路旁单元（RSU,road side unit），基础无线通信系统（其接入方式包括蜂窝网、WiFi、WIMAX等）	与车载用户协调塔建基础的车载通信网络（V2V （vehicle to vehicle）、V2R（vehicle to road side unit）、V2I（vehicle to infrastruction））
		提供VSN与外部网络（Internet、外部服务器）的连接扩展VSN的信息内容
VSN服务器	VSN后台服务器	收集和管理 VSN 用户的个人信息，可与外部服务器（比如facebook服务器，用户个人公开信息服务器等等）相连
		VSN中社团的发现、创建、管理
		VSN中的资源调度中心
		VSN通信数据统计与分析中心
互联网络融合	Internet接入	包含丰富的互联网资源以及第三方车载应用
定位系统	全球导航卫星系统（GNSS,global navigation satellite systems）	精确的自动定位系统可以准确地提供自身的位置信息和其他用户甚至是目的节点的位置信息
定位系统	本地定位系统（LPS,local position system）（例如LORAN）	精确的自动定位系统可以准确地提供自身的位置信息和其他用户甚至是目的节点的位置信息
	室内定位系统（indoor positioning systems）（如Active Bat等）	为VSN的应用部署与协议设计提供非常重要的信息