资源小区——面向下一代超密集网络的无线覆盖结构

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2023.00336

物联网学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (1): 1-17.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2023.00336

• 专题：面向情景的智能网络与按需组网 • 下一篇

资源小区——面向下一代超密集网络的无线覆盖结构

张夏雨¹, 李建东¹^,², 刘俊宇¹, 盛敏¹, 史琰¹, 解子文¹

¹ 西安电子科技大学综合业务网理论及关键技术国家重点实验室，陕西西安 710071
² 鹏城实验室，广东深圳 518055

修回日期:2023-02-01 出版日期:2023-03-30 发布日期:2023-03-01
作者简介:张夏雨（2000- ），男，西安电子科技大学博士生，主要研究方向为B5G/6G移动通信网络技术
李建东（1962- ），男，博士，西安电子科技大学教授，主要研究方向为智慧/智能互联网络技术、新一代认知/智能无线自组织网络技术、新一代无线移动通信/超密集异构无线网络以及空间信息网络/卫星互联网的架构和组网技术等
刘俊宇（1989- ），男，博士，西安电子科技大学副教授，主要研究方向为异构密集无线网络容量理论及组网技术、天地一体化网络智能组网技术、室内定位技术等
盛敏（1975- ），女，博士，西安电子科技大学教授，主要研究方向为空间信息网络、移动通信网络、异构网络融合、无线自组织网络等
史琰（1975- ），男，博士，西安电子科技大学教授，主要研究方向为智能网络、空间信息网络、高性能通信与计算协同等
解子文（1996- ），男，西安电子科技大学博士生，主要研究方向为立体致密无线网络容量覆盖增强技术
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1807001);国家自然科学基金资助项目(62121001);国家自然科学基金资助项目(62171344);国家自然科学基金资助项目(61931005);中国科协青年人才托举工程;陕西省重点产业创新链项目(2022ZDLGY05-01);陕西省重点产业创新链项目(2022ZDLGY05-06);陕西省重点研发计划(2021KWZ-05);鹏城实验室重点项目(PCL2021A15)

Resource cell-wireless coverage structure for next-generation ultra-dense networks

Xiayu ZHANG¹, Jiandong LI¹^,², Junyu LIU¹, Min SHENG¹, Yan SHI¹, Ziwen XIE¹

¹ State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China
² Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China

Revised:2023-02-01 Online:2023-03-30 Published:2023-03-01
Supported by:
The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB1807001);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62121001);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62171344);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61931005);The Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program of CAST;The Key Industry Innovation Chain of Shaanxi(2022ZDLGY05-01);The Key Industry Innovation Chain of Shaanxi(2022ZDLGY05-06);The Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(2021KWZ-05);The Major Key Project of PCL(PCL2021A15)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着移动用户对高速数据传输业务的需求不断增加，移动通信系统在局部区域容量覆盖能力不足的问题日益显著。为了消除容量覆盖空洞，克服网络的复杂干扰，提出了资源小区覆盖结构。该覆盖结构具有弹性可扩展、高能效按需覆盖的特点，以干扰管控为基础，形成面向容量覆盖和能量覆盖的基本空间单元，实现业务分布、能量分布与覆盖结构的相互适配。依托上述覆盖结构，进一步研究了面向容量覆盖的资源小区生成方法，通过宏观上覆盖结构的动态调整以及网络资源随业务变化的按需高效流转，实现了均匀的接入点部署结构对非均匀业务分布的高效覆盖。仿真和实测结果表明，相比于传统静态覆盖方法，所提资源小区的生成方法消除了容量覆盖空洞，提高了整网的峰值传输速率，有效提升了网络的容量覆盖能力。

关键词: 资源小区, 超密集网络, 容量覆盖, 能量覆盖

Abstract:

With the increasing demand of mobile users for high-speed data transmission services, the problem of insufficient capacity coverage of mobile communication systems in local areas is becoming increasingly prominent.Aiming to eliminate the capacity coverage hole and overcome the complex interference of the network, the resource cell coverage structure was proposed.The coverage structure has the characteristics of elastic scalability and is capable of providing on-demand energy-efficient coverage.Based on the interference management, a basic spatial unit for capacity coverage and energy coverage was formed, and the mutual adaptation of service distribution, energy distribution and coverage structure were realized.Relying on the above coverage structure, a resource cell generation (RCG) method was proposed to enhance capacity coverage.Through dynamically adjusting the coverage structure and providing on-demand network resources, the RCG method could achieve efficient capacity coverage for the uneven service distribution under uniform access point deployment.Simulation and experimental results show that, compared with the traditional static coverage method, the RCG method eliminates the capacity coverage hole, improves the network throughput, and enhances the capacity coverage capability of the network.

Key words: resource cell, ultra-dense network, capacity coverage, energy coverage

中图分类号:

TN915.65

张夏雨, 李建东, 刘俊宇, 盛敏, 史琰, 解子文. 资源小区——面向下一代超密集网络的无线覆盖结构[J]. 物联网学报, 2023, 7(1): 1-17.

Xiayu ZHANG, Jiandong LI, Junyu LIU, Min SHENG, Yan SHI, Ziwen XIE. Resource cell-wireless coverage structure for next-generation ultra-dense networks[J]. Chinese Journal on Internet of Things, 2023, 7(1): 1-17.

图/表 19

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

表1

覆盖结构对比"

覆盖结构类型	基本特点	需要克服的难题
微蜂窝网络覆盖结构^[16-17]	密集化部署，基站到用户端的链路距离近，路径损耗小；可通过复用频率资源提高频谱利用率，提升系统容量	小蜂窝基站密集化部署所面临的干扰管控问题；覆盖结构不能随业务的变化进行调整，存在容量覆盖空洞问题
5G C-RAN覆盖结构分布模式^[18]	基于 5G CU/DU 的分离结构，实现 CU 集中化与虚拟化（云化），DU与AAU同站点分布式部署在远端；	DU分布式部署所带来的管理和维护成本问题
	集中化后的CU能够在5G空口协议的基础上实现无缝性移动管理、频谱资源高效协作化等功能
5G C-RAN覆盖结构集中模式^[18]	在5G C-RAN分布模式的基础上实现DU的集中池化，AAU与天线同站点部署在远端，DU集中统一管理，节约成本；	不同资源池之间的基站不能通过联合收发为边界用户提供服务，会出现有信号无服务的现象，影响用户体验的连续性与稳定性
	DU 集中化部署将部分物理层功能集中，可实现多小区联合传输、干扰协调等干扰管控手段降低系统中的干扰，覆盖结构可在局部范围内进行调整
Fog-RAN覆盖结构	在边缘计算的基础上，将具有计算、存储以及通信功能的节点部署在用户的周围，缓解链路吞吐量压力，降低端到端时延	难以实现计算资源、缓存资源和通信资源的联合优化
无蜂窝大规模 MIMO 覆盖结构^[19-20]	以用户为中心；	CPU计算复杂度问题；
	接入点通过回程链路接入 CPU，CPU 执行全局范围内的复杂计算；	接入点与CPU之间的回程链路吞吐量问题；
	接入点到用户端的距离比较近，路径损耗小，带来的信道增益高	不进行接入点间资源的集中池化管控，接入点资源配置固定导致的能耗问题

表1

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图8

图9

表2

图10

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图16

表3

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参数	数值
物理资源块带宽B/MHz	0.36
接入点发射功率P/W	10
资源块数K	273
路径损耗斜率A₁	10^-10.38
路径损耗斜率A₂	10^-14.54
路径损耗因子α₁	2.09
路径损耗因子α₂	3.75
临界距离d₀/km	0.01
初始用户聚类点数K⁰	8

对比项	优化前	优化后	提升百分比
连接数密度	1.7个/m²	2.6个/m²	52.94%
整网峰值速率	2.7 Gbit/s	＞6.8 Gbit/s	＞151.85%

资源小区——面向下一代超密集网络的无线覆盖结构

Resource cell-wireless coverage structure for next-generation ultra-dense networks

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