区块链交易数据隐私保护机制

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.2018005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

区块链技术是一种去中心化、去信任化、公开透明的分布式数据存储技术，能够降低信任成本，实现安全可靠的数据交互。然而，攻击者可以轻易地从公开的全局账本中获得所有数据，并通过大数据分析技术挖掘用户交易规律等隐私信息。分析区块链交易数据面临的隐私泄露威胁，描述基于数据分析的攻击方法；介绍以混币机制为代表的交易数据隐私保护机制，简要描述各种混币方法的基本原理，并针对混币过程是否需要中心节点参与的问题分析不同混币机制的优势与缺陷；最后，分析了现有区块链数据隐私保护技术中存在的不足，并展望未来的发展方向。

关键词: 区块链, 混币机制, 数据隐私保护

Abstract:

Blockchain technology is a distributed data storage technology that is de-centralized,de-trusted,open and transparent.It can reduce the cost of trust and realize safe and reliable data interaction.However,attackers can easily obtain the transaction data stored in the public ledger,and may extract transaction rules and other privacy information from this data by applying big data analysis techniques.Firstly,the thread of attack of data analysis on blockchain transaction data was analyzed,and the attack methods based on data analysis were described.Then the privacy protection mechanism of transaction data which was represented by mixing mechanism was introduced,the basic principle of various mixing methods was described in brief,and the advantages and disadvantages of different mixing approaches for the problem of whether a central node was needed in the process of mixing were analyzed.In the end,the limitation of the existing technologies and envision the future directions on this topic was discussed.

Key words: blockchain, mixing mechanism, data privacy protection

中图分类号:

TP393

祝烈煌, 董慧, 沈蒙. 区块链交易数据隐私保护机制[J]. 大数据, 2018, 4(1): 46-56.

Liehuang ZHU, Hui DONG, Meng SHEN. Privacy protection mechanism for blockchain transaction data[J]. Big Data Research, 2018, 4(1): 46-56.

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混币机制	混币费用	额外开销	盗窃风险	混币过程泄露风险
Mix	有	时间开销高	高	高
Mixcoin	有	时间开销高	中，支持审计	高
Blindcoin	有	计算开销高	中，支持审计	低，使用盲签名
Dash	有	需要额外押金	中，具备惩罚机制	高

混币机制	混币费用	特殊需求	盗窃风险	拒绝服务风险
CoinJoin	无	无	无	高
CoinShuffle	无	需要参与者同时在线	无	高
Xim	有	无	无	低
CoinParty	无	无	无	低
Monero	无	环签名导致额外计算开销	无	低