PARIS原则：开放协作环境下科学数据的可用性

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.2023013

大数据 ›› 2023, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (4): 172-188.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.2023013

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PARIS原则：开放协作环境下科学数据的可用性

沈志宏¹, 张晓林², 郑晓欢³

¹ 中国科学院计算机网络信息中心，北京 100083
² 中国科学院文献情报中心，北京 100190
³ 中国科学院科学传播局，北京 100864

出版日期:2023-07-01 发布日期:2023-07-01
作者简介:沈志宏（1977- ），男，博士，中国科学院计算机网络信息中心正高级工程师、博士生导师，主要研究方向为科学大数据管理与处理、图数据库管理系统、语义网技术等
张晓林（1956- ），男，博士，中国科学院文献情报中心研究员、博士生导师，主要研究方向为数字知识系统、数据挖掘与知识发现、科技政策等
郑晓欢（1981- ），女，高级工程师，中国科学院科学传播局网络安全与信息化处副处长，主要研究方向为科学数据管理、科研信息化战略等
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFF0704200);中国科学院“十四五”网信专项工程建设项目“科学大数据工程（三期）”(CAS-WX2022GC-02)

PARIS principle: improving the usability of scientific data in the open collaborative environment

Hongzhi SHEN¹, Xiaolin ZHANG², Xiaohuan ZHENG³

¹ Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
² National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
³ Bureau of Science Communication, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China

Online:2023-07-01 Published:2023-07-01
Supported by:
The National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFF0704200);The Informatization Plan of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS-WX2022GC-02)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

科学数据利用的需求日益迫切，且在“第四范式”“融合科学”等新型科研范式带来的开放协作环境下，呈现出跨边界、端到端、动态性和协作化的特征。作为“数据仓储时代”的产物，FAIR、TRUST原则已无法为开放协作环境下科学数据的高效利用提供深入的指导。详细分析了科学数据利用的典型场景，提出开放协作环境下促进科学数据利用的PARIS原则：可处理（processable）、可问答（askable）、可信赖（reliable）、可联合（incorporable）与可供给（suppliable），并重点分析了PARIS原则对科学数据可用性的促进作用。最后，探讨了实现PARIS原则可参考的技术路径。作为FAIR、TRUST原则的有益扩展，期望PARIS原则能有效提升科学数据的可用性。

关键词: FAIR原则, TRUST原则, PARIS原则, 数据利用, 数据可用性

Abstract:

The demand for scientific data utilization is increasingly urgent, and in the open environment brought by the new scientific research paradigms such as “Fourth Paradigm” and “Convergence Science”, the data utilization shows the characteristics of cross-the-boundary, end-to-end, dynamic and collaborative.As products of the “era of data repository”, the FAIR and TRUST principles can no longer provide in-depth guidance for the efficient use of scientific data in the open environment.This paper analyzed the typical scenarios of scientific data utilization in detail.Then, it presented the PARIS principles to promote scientific data utilization: processable, askable, reliable, incorporable, and suppliable.Finally, this paper given a technical practice path that the PARIS principles can refer to.As beneficial extensions of the FAIR and TRUST principles, it is expected that the PARIS principles can effectively improve the usability of scientific data.

Key words: FAIR principle, TRUST principle, PARIS principle, data utilization, data usability

中图分类号:

TP393

沈志宏, 张晓林, 郑晓欢. PARIS原则：开放协作环境下科学数据的可用性[J]. 大数据, 2023, 9(4): 172-188.

Hongzhi SHEN, Xiaolin ZHANG, Xiaohuan ZHENG. PARIS principle: improving the usability of scientific data in the open collaborative environment[J]. Big Data Research, 2023, 9(4): 172-188.

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项	FAIR原则				TRUST原则	PARIS原则
项	F	A	I	R	TRUST原则	P	A	R	I	S
数据可获取	√	√	√	√						√
政策可容许				√				√
来源可信赖				√	√			√
技术可处理			√	√		√	√		√	√

PARIS原则：开放协作环境下科学数据的可用性

PARIS principle: improving the usability of scientific data in the open collaborative environment

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PARIS原则	相关实现技术
可处理	数据格式协议、元数据等
可问答	函数式编程、在线Notebook等
可信赖	访问控制、安全多方计算、可信计算等
可联合	关联数据、联邦学习^[27]、数据网格、数据经纬等
可供给	科学工作流^[28]、大数据流水线等

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