反向散射通信技术的研究与发展

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2024001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

反向散射通信作为物联网部署的重要技术手段，其主要思想是利用入射信号进行低功耗被动通信和能量收集，以期实现物联网节点的能源自持。为了加深对该技术的认识并推动相关领域的发展，对现有研究展开综述并对未来发展进行展望。首先，阐述了反向散射通信的基本原理及架构演进。其次，针对不同的通信架构，对已有工作进行了综述。在此基础上，给出了融主被动传输的互惠共生反向散射通信架构，并进行了初步的研究和仿真分析。最后，结合已有研究探讨了所提通信架构的未来研究方向。

关键词: 物联网, 反向散射通信, 融主被动传输的互惠共生反向散射通信

Abstract:

As an important technology for the deployment of Internet of things (IoT), backscatter communication performs low-power passive communication and energy harvesting by applying the incident signals, which is expected to achieve energy self-sustainability of the IoT node.In order to deepen its understanding and promote the development of related fields, a review of existing research was conducted and the future development prospects were presented.Firstly, the basic principle of backscatter communication and its architecture evolution were elaborated.Secondly, in terms of different communication architectures, the existing research works were surveyed.On this basis, the hybrid active-passive mutualistic symbiotic backscatter communication was proposed, and preliminary research and simulation analysis were conducted.Finally, future research directions of the proposed communication architecture were explored based on the existing research.

Key words: Internet of things, backscatter communication, hybrid active-passive mutualistic symbiotic backscatter communication

中图分类号:

TN92

叶迎晖, 徐瑞, 田雨佳, 卢光跃. 反向散射通信技术的研究与发展[J]. 电信科学, 2024, 40(1): 1-23.

Yinghui YE, Rui XU, Yujia TIAN, Guangyue LU. Research and development of backscatter communications technology[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2024, 40(1): 1-23.

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网络架构	优点	缺点	应用场景
单站反向散射	结构简单，成本低，易于部署	易遭受双重路损和双重远近效应，通信性能不佳，需要额外的频谱资源	适用于低成本、低速率的短距离通信场景
双站反向散射	避免往返路径损耗，克服双重远近问题，扩大传输距离	需要专门的载波发射器和额外的频谱资源，部署成本高	适用于有一定速率要求、成本预算较高的通信场景
环境反向散射	不需要部署专用载波发射器，降低成本和功耗；提高频谱资源利用率	存在共道干扰，给反向散射链路性能带来损失	适用于频谱短缺、低成本、低速率且环境射频源丰富的通信场景
寄生反向散射	考虑主次链路有机协作，克服了共道干扰问题，提升了次系统通信容量	来自次系统的信号对主系统带来干扰，造成主系统性能损失	适用于频谱短缺、次用户有一定的速率要求且接收机性能较好的通信场景
互惠共生反向散射	利用主次链路协作，克服了直连链路干扰问题，提升了次系统传输性能；来自次系统的信号可作为主系统的多径，给主系统传输性能带来增益	次系统通信容量低	适用于频谱短缺、次用户有一定的速率要求、主/次用户互惠且接收机性能较优的通信场景
融主被动传输的寄生反向散射	提高了次系统通信容量	次系统进行主被动通信时均会对主系统造成干扰，使主系统通信容量受损	适用于频谱短缺、次用户速率要求较高且接收机性能较好的通信场景