分层异构无线网络的协议架构和关键技术

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0801.2013.06.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分层异构无线网络技术因其可以有效提高网络频谱效率、满足不同热点覆盖需求、大幅提升系统容量等优点，而成为当今LTE-Advanced系统中的关键技术之一。总结了分层异构无线网络的背景、定义以及架构，并重点讨论了由于传统网络拓扑结构的改变而引发的干扰问题，详述了3GPP标准中的增强干扰协调方案，最后分析了分层异构无线网络中的其他关键技术，如网络自组织、回程链路设计、小区选择和切换、节能、认知无线电技术等。这些关键技术对于分层异构无线网络商用化部署具有指导意义。

关键词: 分层异构无线网络, 干扰协调, 网络自组织, 回程链路, 切换, 认知无线电

Abstract:

Heterogeneous network （HetNet） is recently becoming one of the key technologies in LTE-Advanced network， because it can significantly improve spectrum efficiency and system capacity， while meeting different requirements for coverage in hotspots. The research background， term definitions and system architecture of HetNet were detailed. Furthermore， the interference problem caused by the variation in network topology， and the schemes for enhanced inter cell interference coordination （eICIC） in the 3rd generation partnership project （3GPP） standardization were focused on. Lastly， other key technologies in HetNet were also analyzed， such as self-organized network （SON）， backhaul link design， mobility management， energy saving and cognitive radio， etc. Resolutions of those aforementioned key technologies have profound guiding significance for the commercial deployment of HetNet.

Key words: HetNet, interference coordination, SON, backhaul, handover, cognitive radio

刘鸿雁,胡春静,李远. 分层异构无线网络的协议架构和关键技术[J]. 电信科学, 2013, 29(6): 17-24.

Hongyan Liu,Chunjing Hu,Yuan Li. Key Technologies and Protocol Architectures in Heterogeneous Network[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2013, 29(6): 17-24.

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	宏蜂窝	微微蜂窝	家庭基站	中继	远端无线头
发射功率	46 dBm	23～30 dBm	＜23 dBm	30 dBm	46 dBm
覆盖范围	几千米	＜300 m	＜50 m	300 m	几千米
回程链路	S1	X2	互联网	无线射频	光纤
用途	为较大范围内用户提供开放式接入服务	提高热点地区的室内/室外信号服务质量	服务家庭或企业规定的某些激活用户	扩大覆盖范围以及改善盲区内的信号接收质量	建立分布式基站，增强运营商网络部署的灵活性

	小区平均吞吐量（Mbit/s）	边缘用户吞吐量（5%）（Mbit/s）
无eICIC	0.934	0.273
ABS（0.1）	0.932	0.900
ABS（0.5）	0.530	0.500
ABS（0.9）	0.106	0.100

方案依据	公式
最强干扰源MeNB的干扰功率P_M	P_tx=median（P_max,P_min,αP_M+β）
下属用户HUE的目标信干噪比x	P_tx=median（P_max,P_min,P_{HUE_received}+x+PL）
宏基站下属用户MUE的信干噪比P_SINR	P_tx=median（P _max,P_min,αP_SINR+β）
联合宏基站和家庭基站	P_tx=median（P_max,P_min,γP_M+（1-γ）P_H+PL）
联合宏基站和家庭基站	P_tx=median（P_max,P_min,P_M-γ（P_SINR,HUE-x）+PL）

	每扇区的吞吐量（Mbit/s）	边缘用户吞吐量（5%）（Mbit/s）
无eICIC	21	0.086
频分复用	19.1	0.149
增益	-9%	73%

方案	HUE中断概率	MUE中断概率	HUE平均吞吐量（Mbit/s）
无功控	1.8%	15.8%	4.17
①	7.29%	7.20%	2.47
②	0.25%	4.83%	1.68
③	5.25%	4.72%	3.77
④	5.84%	5.63%	2.07
⑤	5.66%	5.79%	1.88