捕获效应下基于比特检测的多分支树RFID标签识别协议

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2021216

通信学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 205-216.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2021216

捕获效应下基于比特检测的多分支树RFID标签识别协议

张莉涓¹, 范明秋¹, 雷磊¹, 王勇², 袁代数³

¹ 南京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院，江苏南京 211106
² 西南交通大学物理科学与技术学院，四川成都 610031
³ 中兴通讯股份有限公司，江苏南京 210012

修回日期:2021-11-02 出版日期:2021-11-25 发布日期:2021-11-01
作者简介:张莉涓（1987− ），女，四川广安人，博士，南京航空航天大学副教授、硕士生导师，主要研究方向为无线泛在网络接入技术、智能无人机集群技术、强化学习、联邦学习等
范明秋（1999− ），女，福建三明人，南京航空航天大学硕士生，主要研究方向为物联网感知协议设计、标签检测协议等
雷磊（1981− ），男，江西南昌人，博士，南京航空航天大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为航空平台组网技术、智能无人机集群技术、卫星星座组网技术、无线泛在网络技术
王勇（1974− ），男，辽宁营口人，博士，西南交通大学讲师，主要研究方向为移动通信、无线局域网、物联网、人工智能等
袁代数（1997− ），男，安徽亳州人，中兴通讯股份有限公司工程师，主要研究方向为计算机软件、网络加速、媒体业务处理、DPI、主流CPU/GPU/NP等相关技术
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61902182);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20190409);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2019TQ0153);航空科学基金资助项目(2016ZC52029);江苏省青蓝工程基金资助项目(2016ZC52029)

Capture-aware bit-detecting M-ary tree protocol for RFID tag identification

Lijuan ZHANG¹, Mingqiu FAN¹, Lei LEI¹, Yong WANG², Daishu YUAN³

¹ College of Electronic Information Engineering, University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
² School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
³ Zhongxing Telecommunication Equipment Corporation, Nanjing 210012, China

Revised:2021-11-02 Online:2021-11-25 Published:2021-11-01
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61902182);The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20190409);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019TQ0153);The Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2016ZC52029);Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province of China(2016ZC52029)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

被动式RFID系统中，捕获效应的产生使多标签同时响应时强度较强的标签信号可能被阅读器读取，而强度较弱的标签信号被覆盖，造成标签漏读。为了解决这一问题，提出了基于比特检测的多分支树（BMT）标签识别协议。首先，提出比特检测标签数量估计方法，使用少量时隙对标签进行初步估计和预分组。然后，通过多分支树标签识别策略消除空闲时隙，快速识别标签。同时，采用哈希静默方法静默已识别标签和标记隐藏标签，减少通信开销。理论分析和仿真结果表明，BMT协议可以将识别时延缩短至少15%。

关键词: RFID, 标签防碰撞, 捕获效应, 标签数量估计, 比特检测

Abstract:

In passive radio frequency identification (RFID) systems, the capture effect may occur that the reader is possible to successfully decode the strongest signal when multiple tags reply simultaneously.In this situation, the weaker signals will be covered resulting in a tag hidden problem which greatly affects the system performance.To solve the problem, a bit-detecting M-ary tree (BMT) protocol was proposed.First, a bit-detecting tag number estimation method was proposed to estimate the number of tags and group them with a few slots.Next, an M-ary tree protocol was developed to eliminate all the idle slots and identify tags quickly.At the same time, a hash muting strategy was given to mute the identified tags and label the hidden ones with small communication cost.Both theoretic analysis and simulation results demonstrate that BMT can effectively reduce the identification delay by at least 15%.

Key words: RFID, tag anti-collision, capture effect, tag estimation, bit detecting

中图分类号:

TP391.4

张莉涓, 范明秋, 雷磊, 王勇, 袁代数. 捕获效应下基于比特检测的多分支树RFID标签识别协议[J]. 通信学报, 2021, 42(11): 205-216.

Lijuan ZHANG, Mingqiu FAN, Lei LEI, Yong WANG, Daishu YUAN. Capture-aware bit-detecting M-ary tree protocol for RFID tag identification[J]. Journal on Communications, 2021, 42(11): 205-216.

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q_k	a	b
q₂	-0.068 2	0.029 2
q₃	-0.096 5	-0.037 0
q₄	-0.105 7	-0.128 7
q₅	-0.113 8	-0.177 2
q₆	-0.112 1	-0.237 6

命令	定义
Qest(L)	估计阶段帧查询命令，L为帧参数，标签通过L设置回复计时器值和产生回复字符串
QRep	估计阶段的时隙查询命令，第一个时隙在Qest(L)命令后自动开始
IniQ(M)	识别阶段每一轮开始命令，M为该阶段标签回复字符串长度
Query(fds)	识别阶段的时隙开始命令，fds为阅读器从接收信息中获得的反馈字符串，标签根据该字符串调整计数器值
Collect	识别阶段获取成功时隙的标签ID
ACK(H₁₆)	阅读器对成功读取标签的确认，用于静默已识别的标签和标记隐藏标签，H₁₆为已识别标签ID的前16 bit哈希值

功率比门限Z/dB	标签数量/个	估计阶段所需时间/ms	整个识别过程所需时间/ms	估计阶段时间占比
	300	18.84	330.56	5.70%
3	500	27.85	548.24	5.08%
	700	34.32	762.47	4.50%
	1 000	52.56	1 091.90	4.81%
	300	16.45	331.70	4.96%
5	500	24.48	550.32	4.45%
	700	32.05	768.27	4.17%
	1 000	39.74	1 091.91	3.64%

捕获效应下基于比特检测的多分支树RFID标签识别协议

Capture-aware bit-detecting M-ary tree protocol for RFID tag identification

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