VANET系统中基于中国剩余定理的群内相互认证密钥协商协议

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022002

通信学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 182-193.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022002

VANET系统中基于中国剩余定理的群内相互认证密钥协商协议

张海波¹^,², 陈舟¹^,², 黄宏武¹^,², 贺晓帆³

¹ 重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院，重庆 400065
² 重庆邮电大学移动通信技术重庆市重点实验室，重庆 400065
³ 武汉大学电子信息学院，湖北武汉 430072

修回日期:2021-12-09 出版日期:2022-01-25 发布日期:2022-01-01
作者简介:张海波（1979- ），男，重庆人，博士，重庆邮电大学副教授、硕士生导师，主要研究方向为车联网、安全认证、密钥协商等
陈舟（1999- ），男，四川遂宁人，重庆邮电大学硕士生，主要研究方向为车联网、安全认证、密钥协商
黄宏武（1994- ），男，湖北孝感人，重庆邮电大学硕士生，主要研究方向为车联网、区块链、认证协议
贺晓帆（1985- ），男，河北保定人，博士，武汉大学教授，主要研究方向为资源优化、安全认证等
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61801065);长江学者和创新团队发展计划基金资助项目(IRT16R72);重庆市留创计划创新类基金资助项目(cx2020059)

Intra-group mutual authentication key agreement protocol based on Chinese remainder theorem in VANET system

Haibo ZHANG¹^,², Zhou CHEN¹^,², Hongwu HUANG¹^,², Xiaofan HE³

¹ School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
² Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communication Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065, China
³ School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China

Revised:2021-12-09 Online:2022-01-25 Published:2022-01-01
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61801065);Program for Changjiang Scholars and Inno-vative Research Team in University(IRT16R72);Chongqing Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program for the Returned Over-seas Chinese Scholars(cx2020059)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对车载自组网（VANET）系统中车辆在公开网络上相互通信容易受到恶意攻击的问题，提出一种VANET系统中群内相互认证密钥协商协议。利用中国剩余定理建立动态车辆群，以适应VANET拓扑的快速变化。通信双方利用签名信息快速认证消息发送方的身份，并通过切比雪夫混沌映射的半群性进行密钥协商。采用假名更新和私钥更新机制，保护车辆的身份隐私安全。对于恶意车辆的身份，利用签名信息进行准确追溯，并通过修改公钥信息实现快速撤销。此外，使用 BAN 逻辑模型证明了协议的语义安全。仿真结果表明，所提协议相较于现有同类方案，能有效降低通信消耗，并显著降低计算消耗。

关键词: 车载自组网, 认证密钥协商, 中国剩余定理, 切比雪夫映射

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem that vehicles in the vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) system were vulnerable to malicious attacks when communicating with each other on the public network, a mutual authentication key agreement protocol in the VANET was proposed.A dynamic vehicle group was established by the Chinese remainder theorem to adapt to the rapid changes in the VANET topology.Signature information was used by both parties in communication to quickly authenticate the identity of the message sender, and key agreement was conduct through the semigroup of Chebyshev chaotic mapping.The pseudonym update and private key update mechanism were adopted to protect the privacy and security of the vehicle’s identity.The identities of malicious vehicles were tracked accurately by using signature information, and were revoked quickly by modifying the public key information.In addition, the semantic security of the protocol was proved by the BAN logic model.The simulation results show that the proposed protocol can effectively reduce the communication consumption and significantly reduce the computational consumption compared with the existing similar literature.

Key words: VANET, authentication key agreement, Chinese remainder theorem, Chebyshev map

中图分类号:

U495

张海波, 陈舟, 黄宏武, 贺晓帆. VANET系统中基于中国剩余定理的群内相互认证密钥协商协议[J]. 通信学报, 2022, 43(1): 182-193.

Haibo ZHANG, Zhou CHEN, Hongwu HUANG, Xiaofan HE. Intra-group mutual authentication key agreement protocol based on Chinese remainder theorem in VANET system[J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43(1): 182-193.

图/表 10

图1

表1

协议涉及的参数及定义"

参数	含义
n	一个大素数
H ₀,H₁	哈希运算
δ_sk	系统私钥
V_i	车辆节点
OBUi	车辆V_i的OBU
RSU_i	第i个路边单元RSU
IDV_i	车辆V_i的身份
IDR _i	路边单元RSU_i 的身份
SIDV_i	车辆V_i假名
SIDR_i	路边单元RSU_i 的假名
p_i	TA分配给车辆V_i的大素数
y_i	车辆V_i对应的公钥
x_{i ,0}	车辆V_i在第0个时间片段对应的私钥
SP_i	车辆V_i的假名和素数的哈希运算输出值
$S_{i}^{1}, S_{i}^{2}$	车辆V_i对密钥协商消息的签名
T_v,i T_vj	时间戳
sk	会话密钥

表1

图2

图3

表2

表3

表4

图4

表5

图5

参考文献 21

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安全性	Cui方案	Bagga方案	Ying方案	本文协议
身份认证性	×	√	×	√
身份隐私性	√	√	√	√
不可否认性	×	×	×	√
身份可撤销性	×	×	×	√
前向和后向安全性	√	×	√	√
群组动态性	×	×	×	√
抵御重放攻击	√	√	√	√
抵御女巫攻击	×	√	√	√
抵御OBU仿冒攻击	√	√	√	√
抵御RSU/Fog仿冒攻击	√	√	×	√

密码学运算	平均执行时间/ms
T_h	0.44
T_c	18.47
T_exp	26.35
T_ecm	23.47
T_eca	6.04
T_sym	7.64
T_asy	107.35

方案	V_i/ms	RSU/ms	V_j/ms	总的计算开销/ms
Cui方案	T_sym+8T_c+8T_h ≈158.92	—	2T_sym+10T_c+9T_h ≈203.94	17T_h+18T_c+3T_sym≈362.86
Bagga方案	4T _h+6T_ecm+2T_eca ≈154.66	—	6T _h+6T_ecm+2T_eca ≈155.54	10T _h+12T_ecm+4T_eca ≈310.2
Ying方案	4T _h+T_exp≈28.11	14T _h+2T_exp+4T_asy≈292.26	4T_h+T_exp≈28.11	22T _h+4T_exp+4T_asy≈348.48
本文协议	6T _h+3T_c+2T_exp≈110.75	4T _h ≈1.76	6T _h+3T_c+2T_exp≈110.75	16T _h+6T_c+4T_exp≈223.26

方案	消息数量/条	总的通信开销/bit
Cui方案	4	2 464
Bagga方案	3	2 176
Ying方案	4	3 392
本文协议	6	3 232

VANET系统中基于中国剩余定理的群内相互认证密钥协商协议

Intra-group mutual authentication key agreement protocol based on Chinese remainder theorem in VANET system

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