面向6G毫米波通信感知一体化的机动目标联合定位与测速

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2023041

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对6G毫米波无线通信感知一体化网络中的车辆状态估计问题，提出了车辆位置、速度和时变信道联合估计算法。为了应对多径反射干扰、随机信道衰落、非凸函数优化等技术难题，挖掘时变信道及反射传播特点，提取多径反射传播模型的隐含线性结构，并采用下行多载波通信信号回波，联合推算车辆位置、速度及信道状态，以抵消多径传播干扰和信道扰动，进而补偿多普勒效应对车辆定位的不利影响。由于在干扰抵消、扰动补偿、非凸函数优化等方面的特殊设计，所提算法的定位及测速性能优于以往技术。仿真分析发现，定位精度和测速精度都随着子载波和收发天线数量的增加而提升，但是随着目标距离的增大而下降。由于车辆定位只利用了回波信号的基带特征，车辆定位精度与中心载波频率无关，但是随着系统带宽的增加而增加，且当系统带宽在 150 MHz以上时，车辆定位性能增益非常小。相比之下，车辆测速精度随着中心载波频率的增大而提升，而受系统带宽的影响很小。另外，相比于车辆测速，车辆定位受传输距离和收发天线数量的影响更大。

关键词: 通信感知一体化, 车辆定位, 多普勒测速

Abstract:

Joint vehicle location and velocity estimation algorithm was proposed for 6G millimeter wave integrated communication and sensing (ICAS), which was challenging due to random channel fading and multipath interference.A novel receiver state sensing (RSS) algorithm was proposed to simultaneously estimate vehicle (receiver) location and velocity, in conjunction with reflection channel estimation.Moreover, a novel multi-carrier Doppler calibration scheme was developed to reduce the disturbance of Doppler effect on RSS performance via frequency shift compensation.The impact of system parameters, e.g., signal bandwidth, the number of transceiver antenna and sub-carriers, on RSS performance was evaluated as well.It was verified by simulations that the proposed RSS algorithm outperformed state-of-the-art baseline methods due to the employed problem-specific system design.In addition, it was shown by simulations that the achieved RSS error was reduced with the increasing of sub-carrier frequency, the number of transceiver antennas and sub-carriers, and it was increased with the increasing distance between base station and vehicle receiver.Particularly, the vehicle location estimation accuracy was increasing with system bandwidth, but it was invariant with central carrier frequency, since only baseband features of received signal were employed for vehicle localization.In contrast, the vehicle velocity detection accuracy was increasing with central carrier frequency, yet it was insensitive to system bandwidth, given the fixed number of sub-carriers.

Key words: integrated communication and sensing, vehicle localization, Doppler velocity detection

中图分类号:

TN92

周炳朋, 马珊珊. 面向6G毫米波通信感知一体化的机动目标联合定位与测速[J]. 通信学报, 2023, 44(3): 81-92.

Bingpeng ZHOU, Shanshan MA. Simultaneous vehicular location and velocity detection towards 6G integrated communication and sensing[J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(3): 81-92.

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