面向确定性传输的新型虚拟卫星编队方案

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2023198

通信学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (10): 137-148.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2023198

• 学术论文 • 上一篇

面向确定性传输的新型虚拟卫星编队方案

徐川¹^,², 周密¹, 赵国锋¹^,², 崔钊婧³, 何熊文³

¹ 重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院，重庆 400065
² 复杂环境通信重庆市重点实验室，重庆 400065
³ 中国空间技术研究院北京空间飞行器总体设计部，北京 100094

修回日期:2023-09-25 出版日期:2023-10-01 发布日期:2023-10-01
作者简介:徐川（1980− ），男，重庆人，博士，重庆邮电大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为天地一体化网络、时间敏感网络、工业互联网、软件定义网络和网络测量
周密（1996− ），女，重庆人，重庆邮电大学硕士生，主要研究方向为时间敏感网络
赵国锋（1972− ），男，重庆人，博士，重庆邮电大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为天地一体化网络、工业物联网和网络测量
崔钊婧（1992− ），女，北京人，中国空间技术研究院助理研究员，主要研究方向为软件定义网络、时间触发以太网等
何熊文（1982− ），男，北京人，中国空间技术研究院研究员，主要研究方向为空间数据系统、航天器综合电子系统、星载嵌入式软件等
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(62171070);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2023MD734136);重庆市博士后科学基金资助项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-BHX0043)

Novel virtual satellite formation scheme for deterministic transmission

Chuan XU¹^,², Mi ZHOU¹, Guofeng ZHAO¹^,², Zhaojing CUI³, Xiongwen HE³

¹ School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
² Chongqing Key Laboratory of Complex Environment Communication, Chongqing 400065, China
³ Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China

Revised:2023-09-25 Online:2023-10-01 Published:2023-10-01
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62171070);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023MD734136);Chongqing Postdoctoral Science Foundation(CSTB2022NSCQ-BHX0043)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

卫星编队飞行队形相对稳定，可有效支撑确定性传输，但其队形控制需要较大的实时计算开销，且不支持多业务的灵活部署。为此，基于广泛部署的低轨星座，提出了虚拟卫星编队方案，通过选取合适的卫星构建编队来实现时敏业务的确定性传输。首先，阐述了虚拟卫星编队的设计理念，分析了基于低轨星座设计编队的挑战和性能需求。然后，通过刻画星间链路的生存时间与距离变化率属性，构建编队节点选择模型，针对时敏业务需求设计虚拟卫星编队选择算法。最后，基于STK和Exata搭建卫星网络场景进行仿真验证，实验结果表明，所提方案能为时敏业务提供与卫星编队飞行相同的性能指标，且具有更灵活的业务部署能力。

关键词: 低轨星座, 虚拟卫星编队, 时敏业务, 确定性传输

Abstract:

Although satellite formation flying could effectively support deterministic transmission due to its stable formation, but its formation control required significant real-time computational overhead and did not support flexible deployment for multi-missions.Thus, based on the extensively deployed low-earth orbit (LEO) constellations, a virtual satellite formation scheme was proposed, which achieved deterministic transmission of time-sensitive mission by selecting appropriate satellites to form a formation.Firstly, the concept of virtual satellite formation was elaborated, and the challenges and performance requirements of virtual satellite formation based on LEO constellations were analyzed.Then, by characterizing the survival time and distance variation rate of inter satellite links (ISL), formation node selection mode was constructed, and a virtual satellite formation selection algorithm was designed to meet the requirements of time-sensitive missions.Finally, satellite network scenario was built to verify the proposed scheme by STK and Exata.Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can provide the same performance indicators as satellite formation flying for time-sensitive missions, while offering more flexibility in deployment.

Key words: LEO constellation, virtual satellite formation, time-sensitive mission, deterministic transmission

中图分类号:

TN927

徐川, 周密, 赵国锋, 崔钊婧, 何熊文. 面向确定性传输的新型虚拟卫星编队方案[J]. 通信学报, 2023, 44(10): 137-148.

Chuan XU, Mi ZHOU, Guofeng ZHAO, Zhaojing CUI, Xiongwen HE. Novel virtual satellite formation scheme for deterministic transmission[J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(10): 137-148.

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特征指标	传统卫星编队	虚拟卫星编队
队形控制	需要，耗费额外资源	不需要，保持各自轨道正常运行
编队灵活性	设计好后一般不改变	根据任务选取卫星节点组成编队，卫星可作为不同的虚拟卫星编队节点
资源利用率	资源开销主要用于精准的队形控制	卫星部署网络虚拟化技术带来资源开销，但系统整体的资源利用率更高
卫星间相对运动	卫星间相对稳定	无严格的队形控制，存在相对运动

轨道	轨道高度/km	总卫星数/个	轨道数/条	每个轨道的卫星数/个	轨道倾角
VLEO	550	308	14	22	53°
HLEO	570	108	9	20	70°

参数	值
ISL传播速度/(m·s^-1)	83×10
ISL带宽/(Mbit·s^-1)	10
ISL队列长度β/Packet	500
SNR阈值α/dB	20
光传输功率Pt/dBm	16
噪声标准偏差σ_n /（A·Hz^-1）	10^{- 7}

业务类型	源目的节点距离/km	业务量/bit	时延/ms	抖动/μs	丢包率
快速位置报告	3 000	500	<40	<300	<0.5%
应急搜救	6 000	2 000	<50	<50	<0.1%
遥感遥测	2 000	4 000	<250	<500	<1%
大范围监视业务	10 000	10 000	<5 000	<1 000	<1%

面向确定性传输的新型虚拟卫星编队方案

Novel virtual satellite formation scheme for deterministic transmission

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