基于INT感知的5G核心网用户面流量调度系统

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2023208

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决5G移动数据流量激增和新型网络应用不断涌现给网络运维造成巨大压力的问题，设计并实现一个面向5G核心网用户面的流量调度系统，包含网络状态信息感知子系统和路由决策子系统。在网络状态信息感知子系统中，传统带内网络遥测方法带宽开销高，而且不是专门为无线网络系统设计的，此外，在5G核心网中应用带内网络遥测还面临测量精度不高、QoS无法保障等挑战。为此，提出了基于带内网络遥测的5G核心网用户面状态信息感知方案，将遥测信息插入GTP-U报文的扩展头部，实时检测UPF状态信息，实现网络状态动态随路测量。路由决策子系统实现了基于改进蚁群算法的流量调度算法，利用感知到的网络状态信息升级信息素函数更新方式，完成基于实时网络状态的路由决策。实际部署测试结果表明，网络状态信息感知子系统能正常感知网络信息，而且所做路由决策在时延、吞吐量和丢包率方面优于传统路由算法。

关键词: 5G核心网, 用户面, 流量调度, 带内网络遥测, 改进蚁群算法

Abstract:

To solve the problem of huge pressure on network operation caused by the surge of 5G mobile data traffic and the continuous emergence of new network applications, a traffic scheduling system of the 5G core network user plane was designed and implemented, including network state information perception subsystem and routing decision subsystem.In the network state information perception subsystem, traditional in-band network telemetry methods incurred high bandwidth overhead and were not specifically designed for wireless network systems.Furthermore, the application of in-band network telemetry in the 5G core network faced challenges such as low measurement accuracy and the inability to guarantee QoS.A 5G core network user plane state information perception scheme based on in-band network telemetry was proposed.The telemetry information was inserted into the extended header of GTP-U message realize the measurement of network state along the path.The routing decision subsystem implemented the traffic scheduling algorithm based on the improved ant colony algorithm.The update method of the pheromone function was promoted by the perceived status information to complete the routing decision based on the real-time network state.The deployment test results showed that the network state information perception subsystem can perceive network information normally, and the routing decisions were superior to traditional routing algorithms in terms of delay, throughput and packet loss rate.

Key words: 5G core network, user plane, traffic scheduling, in-band network telemetry, improved ant colony algorithm

中图分类号:

T393

王超, 任蒙, 王尚广. 基于INT感知的5G核心网用户面流量调度系统[J]. 通信学报, 2023, 44(10): 149-163.

Chao WANG, Meng REN, Shangguang WANG. Traffic scheduling system of the 5G core network user plane based on INT perception[J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(10): 149-163.

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模块	功能
INT信息更新模块	根据报文采样频率、INT指令、UPF角色等参数，对接收到的GTP-U报文进行INT报头插入、INT元数据更新、INT信息提取等
INT信息发送模块	将收集到的INT信息发送给数据收集器并发送相应控制指令给INT信息更新模块
INT信息接收模块	使用gRPC接收INT信息发送模块传输的INT信息，将其解析为INT原始报文
INT信息解析模块	根据预先定义的INT报文格式，将INT原始报文各字段解析为对应含义的网络状态信息并转换成相应的数据结构
状态信息查询模块	根据其他系统或模块的调用请求，向存储模块查询对应网络状态信息并返回查询结果
存储模块	存储INT原始报文和解析后的网络状态信息，实现对网络状态信息的持久化存储
路由分析模块	接收用户面网络状态信息，运行相应的流量调度算法，实现PDU会话路由路径规划
调度执行模块	将路由决策发送给SMF，由SMF根据路由决策更新UPF的PDR、FAR，并执行决策
日志系统	保存系统运行日志，方便运维人员了解系统运行状态

设备	规格
处理器	AMD Ryzen R5 3 600
内存	64 GB
硬盘	1 TB
显卡	GeForce RTX 2 060 Super
功能	系统名称
操作系统	Ubuntu 20.04
虚拟化平台	Docker v20.10.22
5G核心网	Free5GC v3.0.6
UE、RAN模拟器	UERANSIM v3.2.6
流量生成器	Iperf v2.0
网络流量控制	TC
数据库	MySQL 8.0
缓存系统	Redis v6.2