面向非地面网络多QoS保障的低地球轨道卫星星座设计

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2023225

通信学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 61-77.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2023225

• 学术论文 • 上一篇

面向非地面网络多QoS保障的低地球轨道卫星星座设计

王汝言¹^,²^,³, 叶显熠¹^,²^,³, 何鹏¹^,²^,³, 崔亚平¹^,²^,³, 吴大鹏¹^,²^,³, Alexander Fedotov⁴

¹ 重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院，重庆 400065
² 先进网络与智能互联技术重庆市高校重点实验室，重庆 400065
³ 泛在感知与互联重庆市重点实验室，重庆 400065
⁴ 圣彼得堡彼得大帝理工大学，圣彼得堡 195251

修回日期:2023-10-18 出版日期:2023-12-01 发布日期:2023-12-01
作者简介:王汝言（1969- ），男，湖北浠水人，博士，重庆邮电大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为泛在网络、多媒体信息处理等
叶显熠（1999- ），男，四川成都人，重庆邮电大学硕士生，主要研究方向为空天地一体化、多目标优化
何鹏（1990- ），男，重庆人，博士，重庆邮电大学讲师，主要研究方向为低地球轨道卫星通信、移动通信
崔亚平（1986- ），男，河南新乡人，博士，重庆邮电大学副教授，主要研究方向为人机无线互联、天地一体化组网
吴大鹏（1979- ），男，黑龙江大庆人，博士，重庆邮电大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为泛在网络、互联网服务质量控制等
Alexander Fedotov，男，博士，圣彼得堡彼得大帝理工大学教授，主要研究方向为物联网、无线网络、边缘计算以及网络安全和隐私
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61901070);国家自然科学基金资助项目(61801065);国家自然科学基金资助项目(62271096);国家自然科学基金资助项目(61871062);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U20A20157);国家自然科学基金资助项目(62061007);重庆市教委科学技术研究基金资助项目(KJQN202000603);重庆市教委科学技术研究基金资助项目(KJQN201900611);重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0468);重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(cstc2020jcyjzdxmX0024);重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(cstc2021jcyjmsxmX0892);重庆市高校创新研究群体基金资助项目(CXQT20017);重庆市研究生科研创新基金资助项目(CYB22246);重邮信通青创团队支持计划基金资助项目(SCIE-QN-2022-04)

LEO satellite constellation design with multi-QoS guarantee for non-terrestrial network

Ruyan WANG¹^,²^,³, Xianyi YE¹^,²^,³, Peng HE¹^,²^,³, Yaping CUI¹^,²^,³, Dapeng WU¹^,²^,³, Fedotov Alexander⁴

¹ School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
² Advanced Network and Intelligent Connection Technology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, Chongqing 400065, China
³ Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Sensing and Networking, Chongqing 400065, China
⁴ Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, St.Petersburg 195251, Russia

Revised:2023-10-18 Online:2023-12-01 Published:2023-12-01
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61901070);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61801065);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62271096);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61871062);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20157);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62061007);The Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJQN202000603);The Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJQN201900611);The Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0468);The Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyjzdxmX0024);The Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2021jcyjmsxmX0892);The University Innovation Research Group of Chongqing(CXQT20017);The Chongqing Graduate Student Scientific Research Innovation Project(CYB22246);The Youth Innovation Group Support Program of ICE Discipline of CQUPT(SCIE-QN-2022-04)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

低地球轨道卫星星座（LSC）能够为非地面网络（NTN）提供无缝和快速连接，但无法为用户提供足够的服务质量保障，严重影响了NTN系统性能。综合考虑多个QoS指标，建立了LSC的容量与下行链路预算模型，进而，将星间链路的建立制定为QoS保障的链路预算问题。提出了带有改进交叉和变异算子的非支配排序遗传算法（INSGA-II）优化LSC的配置，实现多重覆盖率和系统容量的最大化以及星座成本的最小化。数值结果表明，与Telesat和Kepler相比，所设计的LSC具有相当甚至更高的性能，且其星座规模仅为Kepler系统的64%。

关键词: 非地面网络, 低地球轨道卫星星座设计, QoS保障, 多目标优化, 星间链路

Abstract:

LEO satellite constellation (LSC) offers seamless and fast connectivity for non-terrestrial network (NTN).However, the lack of QoS guarantees for users significantly impacts the performance of the NTN system.Considering multi-QoS metrics, a capacity and downlink budget model for LSC was established, and subsequently, the establishment of inter-satellite links was framed as a link budget issue for the QoS guarantee.The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (INSGA-II) with improved crossover and mutation operators was proposed to optimize LSC, aiming to maximize coverage and system capacity while minimizing constellation costs.The numerical results demonstrate that the designed LSC exhibits comparable or superior performance to Telesat and Kepler, and its scale is only 64% of the Kepler system.

Key words: non-terrestrial network, LEO satellite constellation design, QoS guarantee, multi-objective optimization, ISL

中图分类号:

TN927

王汝言, 叶显熠, 何鹏, 崔亚平, 吴大鹏, Alexander Fedotov. 面向非地面网络多QoS保障的低地球轨道卫星星座设计[J]. 通信学报, 2023, 44(12): 61-77.

Ruyan WANG, Xianyi YE, Peng HE, Yaping CUI, Dapeng WU, Fedotov Alexander. LEO satellite constellation design with multi-QoS guarantee for non-terrestrial network[J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(12): 61-77.

图/表 18

表1

LSC的QoS指标"

QoS指标	等价参数
误码率	BER₀
星地信息速率	Ruser
星间信息速率	$R_{ISL}^{0}$
多重覆盖率	ρ₀

表1

图1

图2

图3

图4

表2

主要仿真参数"

参数	符号	值
误码率	BER ₀	10^{- 6}
用户数据速率/(Mbit·s^-1)	R_user	40
星间信息速率/(Mbit·s^-1)	$R_{ISL}^{0}$	200
下行链路频率/GHz	f	30
星间链路频率/GHz	fI_SL	40
发射天线增益/dB	G_sat	52.1
接收天线增益/dB	G_r	35
Ka频段噪声功率/(dBm·Hz^-1)	n₀	-174
UE系统噪声温度/K	T_s	135
雨衰+链路余量/dB	[L_Rain+Margin]	15.6
对流层闪烁损耗/dB	[L_trop]	5.8
大气吸收损耗/dB	[L_atmos]	8.4
卫星质量/kg	m_sat	500

表2

图5

图6

图7

表3

表4

不同最小仰角下设计的LSC"

δ_min	N_p	$N_{sat}^{p}$	h/km	i	F	$P_{t}^{SGL}$	$P_{t}^{ISL}$
5∘	11	11	905	60∘	1	18.3	7.9
10∘	7	7	990	63∘	1	15.3	18.6
15∘	10	9	1 013	69∘	1	12	11.6
20∘	10	8	1 263	70∘	1	13.3	14.5

表4

图8

表5

用于性能对比的星座参数"

星座系统	星座构型[N_p, $N_{sat}^{p}$ ,h,i,F]^T
Designed LSC	[10,9,1013,69.1,1]^T
Telesat	[5,9,1248,37.4,1]^T
Kepler	[20,7,600,98.6,1]^T
Iridium NEXT	[11,6,780,86.4,1]^T
Astrocast	[8,8,575,97.69,1]^T

表5

图9

图10

图11

图12

图13

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参数	值
种群规模p₀	40
进化代数Gen_max	100
交叉参数p_crossover	msat
变异参数p_mutate	2
锦标赛选择算子个体数x_c	2
锦标赛选择概率p_select	0.9

面向非地面网络多QoS保障的低地球轨道卫星星座设计

LEO satellite constellation design with multi-QoS guarantee for non-terrestrial network

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参考文献 38

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