服务定制网络体系架构的设计与思考

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2024017

通信学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 1-17.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2024017

• 学术论文 •

服务定制网络体系架构的设计与思考

黄韬¹^,², 张晨², 肖玉明², 余水³, 刘韵洁¹^,²

¹ 北京邮电大学网络与交换国家重点实验室，北京 100876
² 网络通信与安全紫金山实验室，江苏南京 211111
³ 悉尼科技大学计算机学院，悉尼 NSW2007

修回日期:2023-12-13 出版日期:2024-02-01 发布日期:2024-02-01
作者简介:黄韬（1980− ），男，重庆人，博士，北京邮电大学教授，主要研究方向为路由与交换、软件定义网络、网络试验设施等
张晨（1992− ），男，辽宁锦州人，网络通信与安全紫金山实验室研究员，主要研究方向为计算机网络、软件定义网络等
肖玉明（1992− ），男，江苏常州人，博士，网络通信与安全紫金山实验室研究员，主要研究方向为网络体系架构、光传送网络、确定性网络等
余水（1970− ），男，博士，悉尼科技大学教授，主要研究方向为网络科学、大数据、系统建模等
刘韵洁（1943− ），男，山东烟台人，中国工程院院士，主要研究方向为未来网络体系架构、网络融合与演进等
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(62171046);国家自然科学基金资助项目(92267301)

Design and research of service customized networking architecture

Tao HUANG¹^,², Chen ZHANG², Yuming XIAO², Shui YU³, Yunjie LIU¹^,²

¹ State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
² Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing 211111, China
³ School of Computer Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney NSW2007, Australia

Revised:2023-12-13 Online:2024-02-01 Published:2024-02-01
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62171046);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(92267301)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

系统性阐述了服务定制网络（SCN）新型网络架构，可为互联网应用提供一种全新的网络底层能力与使用方式。在TCP/IP网络架构中，网络为应用提供“尽力而为”的服务质量，而SCN架构转换了应用与网络两者之间的主客体关系，允许应用“按需定制”网络的服务质量。以应用视角出发，挖掘了“可声明”“细粒度”“端到端”三大能力内涵，由此推演了SCN的总体设计思路，并给出了一种具象的SCN体系架构和一种可行的SCN系统实现。SCN未来可应用于远程工控、增强现实等人机物全场景，为网络即服务（NaaS）的实现提供一种新颖、实用、理想的手段。

关键词: 未来网络体系架构, 服务定制网络, 网络即服务, 确定性网络

Abstract:

A new network architecture of SCN (service customized networking) was systematically expounded, which provided a novel network underlying capability and usage method for Internet applications.TCP/IP network architecture served the application with “best effort” quality of service, while SCN converted the subject-object relationship between the application and network that allowed the application to “on-demand customize” the QoS of networks.From the perspective of applications, three major connotations “declarable”, “fine-grained” and “end-to-end” were excavated to deduce the overall design of SCN, where a concrete SCN architecture and a feasible SCN system realization were present.In future, SCN can be applied in scenarios of man-machine-things, such as remote industrial control, and augment reality, to provide a novel and ideal means for NaaS (network as a service).

Key words: future network architecture, service customized networking, NaaS, deterministic network

中图分类号:

TP393

黄韬, 张晨, 肖玉明, 余水, 刘韵洁. 服务定制网络体系架构的设计与思考[J]. 通信学报, 2024, 45(2): 1-17.

Tao HUANG, Chen ZHANG, Yuming XIAO, Shui YU, Yunjie LIU. Design and research of service customized networking architecture[J]. Journal on Communications, 2024, 45(2): 1-17.

图/表 14

图1

图2

表1

图3

图4

图5

表2

图6

图7

表3

SCN应用用例"

业务场景		API调用方式
远程控制	运动控制	PLC：Qos_Claim(<Mc_Master, Mc_Slave>, <恒稳速率、恒稳时延、不可丢包、严格保序>, <建路容忍，建链容忍>)
		运动部件：Qos_Claim(<Mc_Slave, Mc_Master>, <恒稳速率、时延上限、不可丢包、严格保序>, <建路容忍，建链容忍>)
	人工维修	操作台：Qos_Claim(<Hm_master, Hm_Slave>, <恒稳速率、恒稳时延、不可丢包、严格保序>, <建路容忍，建链容忍>)
		机械臂：Qos_Claim(<Hm_Slave, Hm_master>, <速率下限、时延上限、丢包上限、局部有序>, <建路容忍，建链容忍>)
算力网络	分布式训练	worker：Qos_Claim(<worker, PS_Slave>, <平均速率、平均时延、不可丢包、严格保序>, <建路容忍，建链容忍>)
		主PS：Qos_Claim(<PS_Master, PS_Slave>, <平均速率、平均时延、不可丢包、严格保序>, <建路容忍，建链容忍>)
		从PS：Qos_Claim(<PS_Slave, Worker>, <平均速率、平均时延、不可丢包、严格保序>, <建路容忍，建链容忍>)
		Qos_Claim(<PS_Slave, PS_Master>, <平均速率、平均时延、不可丢包、严格保序>, <建路容忍，建链容忍>)
	实时性推理	边缘推理：Qos_Claim(<Infer_Coarse, Infer_Precise>, <速率下限、时延上限、逾期丢包、局部有序>, <建路不容忍，建链容忍>)
		核心推理：Qos_Claim(<Infer_Precise, Infer_Coarse>, <速率下限、时延上限、不可丢包、严格保序>, <建路不容忍，建链容忍>)
增强现实	AR直播	主播程序：Qos_Claim(<Person_A, Person_B>, <速率下限、时延上限、丢包上限、局部有序>, <建路不容忍，建链不容忍>)
		观众程序：Qos_Claim(<Person_B, Person_A>, <速率下限、时延上限、不可丢包、严格有序>, <建路容忍，建链容忍>)
	情境识别	捕捉程序：Qos_Claim(<Person_A, Context_Cognition>, <速率下限、时延上限、逾期丢包、紧急插序>, <建路不容忍，建链不容忍>)
		识别程序：Qos_Claim(<Context_Cognition, Person_A>, <速率下限、时延上限、逾期丢包、局部有序>, <建路不容忍，建链不容忍>)

表3

图8

图9

图10

图11

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能力需求	现有相关技术	不足
表达服务质量需求	API	应用无法提供入口与出口中继设备的地址信息
（可声明）	NetworkAPI	只适用于单域场景
	RSVP	只能在不影响选路的前提下预约带宽，且无法定制时延等指标
	DSCP	无法量化表达带宽、时延等需求
	TAPS	无法表达带宽、时延需求
业务流级需求声明	Flow Label	被用于中继设备上的随机负载均衡，与QoS相悖
（细粒度）	Stream ID	通常以加密形式存在，无法被网络感知
	APN6	一定程度解决“可声明”与“细粒度”问题，但其设计初衷是避免协议交互，因此在流量准入方面存在缺陷
	CCN	业务状态在全网扩散使网络扩展性受限，并且未系统性解决QoS问题
跨域服务质量保障	ALTO	作为一种辅助技术向应用提供端到端网络地图，但并不关注网络服务质量保障
（端到端）	QUIC	其设计仍以底层QoS随机波动为前提，同时未考虑其可靠与顺序处理在端到端中所引入的速率限制与额外时延
	QUIC-SR	一定程度解决“细粒度”与“端到端”问题，但其要求应用掌握网络全部控制权，因此只能采用叠加式组网，导致无法获得底层网络的QoS保障
	确定性网络技术，如IEEE802.1Qch、DIP等	当前确定性技术只能作用于有限域（局域或广域），无法实现端到端跨域的时延、抖动保证

变量	含义
Tkt_A / Tkt_B	主机在子网中的逐程票
Tkt_GwA / Tkt_GwB	主机通过子网到达锚定网关的逐程票
Ticket_ID	联程票标识
Subnet_Ticket_ID	子网内部票标识
Tkt_AB / Tkt_BA	为主机协议栈之间通信所分配的联程票
Src_ID	源端应用标识
Dst_ID	宿端应用标识
ID_A / ID_B	应用A / B的标识
Loc_GwA / Loc_GwB	网关A / B的定位符
Fl_AB	本地流标识
Association_ID	关联标识
Asc_Random	在所需关联激活前随机生成的关联
Asc_A / Asc_B	为特定可靠/顺序性指标生成的关联

服务定制网络体系架构的设计与思考

Design and research of service customized networking architecture

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