基于抛物方程的无人机通信场景传播特性分析

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022247

电信科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (8): 45-53.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022247

• 专题：无人机空地无线通信技术 • 上一篇下一篇

基于抛物方程的无人机通信场景传播特性分析

韩慧¹, 郝玉龙², 杨铖²^,³, 王健²^,³^,⁴

¹ 电子信息系统复杂电磁环境效应国家重点实验室，河南洛阳 471003
² 天津大学微电子学院，天津 300072
³ 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院，山东青岛 266200
⁴ 山东海洋信息感知与传输工程技术研究中心，山东青岛 266200

修回日期:2022-07-28 出版日期:2022-08-20 发布日期:2022-08-01
作者简介:韩慧（1980- ），女，电子信息系统复杂电磁环境效应国家重点实验室副研究员，主要研究方向为电磁环境特性与模拟、通信对抗
郝玉龙（1998- ），男，天津大学微电子学院硕士生，主要研究方向为无线电波传播特性分析及建模
杨铖（1991- ），男，天津大学微电子学院博士生，主要研究方向为无线电波传播特性分析及建模
王健（1979- ），男，博士，天津大学微电子学院硕士生导师，天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院特聘研究员，山东海洋信息感知与传输工程技术研究中心常务副主任，主要研究方向为无线通信信道建模与应用、电磁环境评估与频谱管理
基金资助:
电子信息系统复杂电磁环境效应国家重点实验室资助项目(CEMEE-002-20220224);电子信息系统复杂电磁环境效应国家重点实验室资助项目(CEMEE2022G0201)

Analysis of propagation characteristics of UAV communication scenarios based on parabolic equation

Hui HAN¹, Yulong HAO², Cheng YANG²^,³, Jian WANG²^,³^,⁴

¹ State Key Lab of Complex Electromagnetic Environmental Effects on Electronics and Information System, Luoyang 471003, China
² School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
³ Qingdao Institute for Ocean Technology, Tianjin University, Qingdao 266200, China
⁴ Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center of Ocean Information Awareness and Transmission, Qingdao 266200, China

Revised:2022-07-28 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-08-01
Supported by:
State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System(CEMEE-002-20220224);State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System(CEMEE2022G0201)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

摘要：为提高无人机（unmanned aerial vehicle，UAV）毫米波通信场景传播特性的分析精度，基于抛物方程（parabolic equation，PE）理论建立了一种无人机通信场景传播特性分析方法，并针对都市和郊区两种典型无人机空地通信场景下的传播特性进行仿真。结果表明，提出的方法能够有效地反映地形地物变化对无人机空地通信信号传播产生的影响，对比ITU-R统计预测方法，两种场景下预测结果趋势均保持一致。该方法可实现毫米波无人机应用场景传播特性有效预测，对无人机毫米波通信系统设计、研制、测试等环节提供支撑。

关键词: 无人机, 通信, 电波传播, 抛物方程, 仿真

Abstract:

To improve the analysis accuracy of the propagation characteristics of UAV millimeter-wave communication scenarios, a method based on the parabolic equation was developed to analyze the propagation characteristics of UAV communication scenarios and simulate the propagation characteristics in urban and suburban areas.The results show that the proposed method can effectively express the influence of terrain parameters on the UAV air-ground communication link.Overall, the prediction results are consistent with the ITU-R statistical method in both scenarios.Effective prediction of the propagation characteristics of millimeter-wave UAV application scenarios can be realized with the proposed method, which may support the design, development, and testing of UAV millimeter-wave communication systems.

Key words: UAV, communication, radio propagation, parabolic equation, simulation

中图分类号:

TP393

韩慧, 郝玉龙, 杨铖, 王健. 基于抛物方程的无人机通信场景传播特性分析[J]. 电信科学, 2022, 38(8): 45-53.

Hui HAN, Yulong HAO, Cheng YANG, Jian WANG. Analysis of propagation characteristics of UAV communication scenarios based on parabolic equation[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2022, 38(8): 45-53.

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方法	类型	适用频段	适用场景	特点
ITU-R P.1546	经验性预测模型	30～4 000 MHz	天线离地高度小于3 km、路径长度在1～1 000 km的地面业务	能够预测陆地、海面、混合路径对流层无线电链路特性
ITU-R P.2001	确定性预测模型	30 MHz～50 GHz	对流层内路径长度为 3～1 000 km的地面业务	能够预测不同传播机制下信号的衰落和增强
射线追踪方法	确定性预测模型	—	基于直射、反射和透射等传播机制的电磁波传播	描绘电磁波射线传播轨迹，对传播情况提供定性的描述
抛物方程方法	确定性预测模型	—	复杂大气和地表环境下的电磁波传播	能够根据边界条件，精确评估复杂环境下的电波传播效应

场景名称	方法	极大值/dB	极小值/dB	极差值/dB
典型都市场景	本文方法	174.99	102.21	72.78
	ITU-R P.1546模型	134.09	99.88	34.21
典型郊区场景	本文方法	134.14	102.18	31.96
	ITU-R P.1546模型	106.44	99.88	6.56

基于抛物方程的无人机通信场景传播特性分析

Analysis of propagation characteristics of UAV communication scenarios based on parabolic equation

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