面向星地融合网络的低轨卫星多波束成形技术

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-8930.2022040

天地一体化信息网络 ›› 2022, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (4): 22-30.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.2096-8930.2022040

所属专题：卫星互联网用户接入控制

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面向星地融合网络的低轨卫星多波束成形技术

罗志勇¹^,², 辛宁³^,⁴, 孙韶辉⁵

¹ 中山大学电子与通信工程学院，广东广州 518107
² 鹏城实验室，广东深圳 518055
³ 中国空间技术研究院通信与导航卫星总体部，北京 100094
⁴ 国家航天局卫星通信系统创新中心，北京 100094
⁵ 大唐移动通信设备有限公司，北京 100083

修回日期:2022-10-31 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2022-12-01
作者简介:罗志勇（1973-），男，中山大学电子与通信工程学院教授、博士生导师，国家重点领域计划总体专家，主要研究方向为卫星互联网一体化融合、无线通感算融合赋能技术、通信人工智能应用，曾获中国卫星导航定位创新应用金奖、广东省科技进步一等奖、中国轻工联科技进步奖等
辛宁（1982-），男，博士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为天基信息网络
孙韶辉（1974-），男，博士，教授级高级工程师，博士生导师，大唐移动通信设备有限公司副总经理，大唐电信科技集团首席专家，入选科技部中青年科技创新领军人才计划，曾获国家科技进步特等奖及技术发明二等奖等
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB2900503);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB2900401);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB2900200)

Beamforming Technology of LEO Satellite in Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Network

Zhiyong LUO¹^,², Ning XIN³^,⁴, Shaohui SUN⁵

¹ School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SUN YAT-SEN UNIVERSITY,Guangzhou 518107,China
² Pengcheng Labatory, Shenzhen 518055,China
³ Institute of Telecommunication and Navigation Satellites,CAST,Beijing 100094,China
⁴ Innovation Center of Satellite Communication System,CNSA,Beijing 100094,China
⁵ Datang Mobile Communication Equipment Co.,Ltd., Beijing 100083,China

Revised:2022-10-31 Online:2022-12-20 Published:2022-12-01
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2900503);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2900401);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2900200)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于星地链路与地面传播损耗特性之间的差异，卫星通信系统的频谱效率指标远低于同期的地面蜂窝系统。多波束天线技术能够实现更高效的空分复用，是提升低轨卫星通信系统频谱效率的重要手段。研究低轨卫星通信场景下的自适应波束成形及多普勒频移补偿方案。首先，基于混合波束成形架构设计一种低复杂度的波束成形方案；其次，针对多波束系统中由不同波束俯仰角带来的多普勒频移差异，提出一种多波束系统中的多普勒频移预补偿方案；最后，通过MATLAB仿真分析验证算法的有效性。

关键词: 低轨卫星通信, 多波束天线, 自适应波束成形, 大规模多输入多输出, 多普勒频移

Abstract:

Because of the difference between satellite-ground link and ground propagation loss characteristics, the spectrum effi ciency index of satellite communication system is far lower than that of terrestrial cellular system in the same period.It is of utility to improve spectral effi ciency by realizing effi cient space division multiplexing with multi-beam antennas.The adaptive beamforming and doppler frequency off set compensation scheme in the LEO multi-beam satellite communication scenario was studied.Firstly, a low-complexity hybrid beamforming scheme was designed.Then, aim at the doppler frequency shifts were diff erent between beams due to their pitch angles, a doppler frequency off set pre-compensation scheme for multi-beam systems was proposed.Finally, the eff ectiveness of the algorithm was verifi ed by MATLAB simulation analysis.

Key words: LEO satellite communication, multi-beam antenna, adaptive beamforming, massive MIMO, Doppler shift

中图分类号:

TN393

罗志勇, 辛宁, 孙韶辉. 面向星地融合网络的低轨卫星多波束成形技术[J]. 天地一体化信息网络, 2022, 3(4): 22-30.

Zhiyong LUO, Ning XIN, Shaohui SUN. Beamforming Technology of LEO Satellite in Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Network[J]. Space-Integrated-Ground Information Networks, 2022, 3(4): 22-30.

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频率/GHz	最大多普勒频移	最大多普勒频移变化率	轨道高度
2	±48 kHz	-544 Hz/s
20	±480 kHz	-5.44 kHz/s	600 km高度的LEO
30	±720 kHz	-8.16 kHz/s
2	±40 kHz	-180 Hz/s
20	±400 kHz	-1.8 kHz/s	1 500 km高度的LEO
30	±600 kHz	-2.7 kHz/s
2	±15 kHz	-6 Hz/s
20	±150 kHz	-60 kHz/s	10 000 km高度的MEO
30	±225 kHz	-90 kHz/s

参数	数值
信道类型	NTNCDL信道
场景	郊区
频段	Ka频段，20 GHz
链路类型	下行链路
卫星类型	LEO卫星
轨道高度	600 km
卫星速度	7.562 2 km/s
地面站仰角范围	[30°, 90°]
地面站方位角范围	[0°, 360°]
天线类型	相控阵
阵型	URA阵列
阵元间距	0.5 λ
调制方式	16APSK
发射机天线数	256副
接收机天线数	16副
波束数	8波束、16波束

面向星地融合网络的低轨卫星多波束成形技术

Beamforming Technology of LEO Satellite in Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Network

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[4]	李科新, 尤力, 高西奇. 基于大规模MIMO的低轨卫星通信系统[J]. 天地一体化信息网络, 2022, 3(1): 2-8.