基于负载量预测的卫星物联网随机接入研究

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-8930.2023040

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在卫星物联网蓬勃发展的过程中，随机接入协议因其信令开销较小、传输效率高、灵活性高、实现容易的特点被视为最适宜的通信协议，但由于负载变化剧烈，常规随机接入方式只在特定负载范围内具有优势，动态分配随机接入资源需要获取准确的时隙接入申请量。针对以上问题，提出一种随机接入自适应方案，可以根据未来负载量大小自适应选取恰当的随机接入方式，从而提高系统吞吐量，其中，负载量大小可以通过提出的负载量估计及预测方案得到。在传输环境存在窄带干扰时，引入扩频通信手段，使得随机接入自适应方案能够成功运行，并且提出的扩频随机接入自适应方案提升了系统吞吐量。

关键词: 卫星物联网, 随机接入, 负载量预测, 负载量估计, 扩频通信

Abstract:

In the process of the vigorous development of satellite internet of things, random access protocol is regarded as the most suitable communication protocol due to its characteristics of low signaling overhead, high transmission efficiency, high flexibility and easy implementation.However, due to drastic load changes, conventional random access mode only has advantages in the specific load range.Dynamic allocation of random access resources requires the accurate number of time slot access applications.In view of the above problems, a random access adaptive scheme was proposed, which could adaptively selected the appropriate random access mode according to the future load size, so as to improved the system throughput.The load size could be obtained through the proposed load estimation and prediction scheme.When narrowband interference exists in the transmission environment, the spread-spectrum communication means was introduced to made the adaptive scheme of random access run successfully.Moreover, the proposed adaptive scheme also improved the system throughput.

Key words: satellite internet of things, random access, load prediction, load estimation, spread spectrum communication

中图分类号:

TN927

茆习文, 王海涛, 张更新. 基于负载量预测的卫星物联网随机接入研究[J]. 天地一体化信息网络, 2023, 4(4): 27-37.

Xiwen MAO, Haitao WANG, Gengxin ZHANG. Research on Random Access of Satellite Internet of Things Based on Load Prediction[J]. Space-Integrated-Ground Information Networks, 2023, 4(4): 27-37.

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总服务时隙/个	终端数量/个	业务到达模型	概率分布函数	可用前导码个数	退避算法	退避最大窗口值	前导码选择方式
17 000	70 000	服从Beta分布	(60t²(T-t)³)/T ⁶	32个	二进制退避	32个时隙	随机选择

第一层神经元个数/个	第二层神经元个数/个	最大迭代次数/次	初始学习率	优化器	损失函数	神经元损失概率
128	64	1 000	0.002	Adam	MSE	0.2

采样频率/MHz	信噪比/dB	成型滤波器	滚降系数
6.4	8	根升余弦滤波器	0.35

码元长度	信噪比/dB	噪声类型	调制方式	扩频码类型	扩频位数
10 000	8	高斯白噪声	BPSK	Walsh码	[1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128]