面向理性用户的秘密重构设计模型

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2021195

通信学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 54-65.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2021195

• 专题：计算机通信与网络系统安全技术 • 上一篇下一篇

面向理性用户的秘密重构设计模型

刘海¹^,², 田有亮³, 唐莹⁴, Jianbing Ni⁵, 马建峰³

¹ 贵州财经大学信息学院，贵州贵阳 550025
² 中国科学院软件研究所可信计算与信息保障实验室，北京 100190
³ 贵州大学公共大数据国家重点实验室，贵州贵阳 550025
⁴ 贵州财经大学发展规划与学科建设办公室，贵州贵阳550025
⁵ 女王大学电子与计算机学院，金斯顿 K7L 3N6

修回日期:2021-09-28 出版日期:2021-11-25 发布日期:2021-11-01
作者简介:刘海（1984− ），男，河北献县人，博士，贵州财经大学副教授，主要研究方向为密码协议、大数据安全和隐私保护
田有亮（1982− ），男，贵州盘县人，博士，贵州大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为密码学与隐私计算等
唐莹（1982− ），女，重庆人，贵州财经大学教师，主要研究方向为博弈论和数据安全
Jianbing Ni（1988− ），男，博士，女王大学助理教授，主要研究方向为无线通信和网络安全、移动计算安全、机器学习安全和区块链技术
马建峰（1963− ），男，陕西西安人，博士，西安电子科技大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为应用密码学、无线网络安全、数据安全、移动智能系统安全等
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(62062071);贵州省科技计划基金资助项目([2020]1Y265)

Design models of secret reconstruction towards rational users

Hai LIU¹^,², Youliang TIAN³, Ying TANG⁴, Jianbing Ni⁵, Jianfeng MA³

¹ School of Information, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China
² Laboratory of Trusted Computing and Information Assurance, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
³ State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
⁴ Office of Development Planning and Academic Development, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China
⁵ Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada

Revised:2021-09-28 Online:2021-11-25 Published:2021-11-01
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62062071);The Science and Technology Program of Guizhou Province([2020]1Y265)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

理性秘密重构是为了约束理性用户的自利性，在现实生活中确保所有参与用户均能获得共享秘密。然而，如果直接使用现有的理性秘密重构协议，不仅不能实现公平的秘密重构，甚至还会出现用户将虚假的秘密视为真实共享秘密的极端情形。导致上述现象的根本原因是缺乏参考模型，使协议设计者难以全面地考虑理性用户参与秘密重构时的自利行为。为解决该问题，通过形式化描述理性用户模型和理性秘密重构博弈模型来分析理性用户执行秘密重构协议时的先后顺序以及策略选择对公平秘密重构的影响，分别提出了面向纯理性用户环境、面向信誉环境和面向可信用户环境3种适用于不同场景的理性秘密重构协议设计模型。理论证明了所提模型能帮助协议设计者有效约束理性用户的自利性，设计了公平的理性秘密重构协议。此外，基于提出的设计模型，还构造了一个公平的理性秘密重构协议来证明所提模型的可用性。

关键词: 秘密共享, 理性用户, 重构公平, 设计模型, 自利行为

Abstract:

Rational Secret Reconstruction is an intersection between traditional secret reconstruction and game theory, which aims to restrict the selfish behaviors of rational users, making both of them obtain the secret in real applications.However, when directly adopting the existing rational secret reconstruction protocols, it is infeasible to realize the fair secret reconstruction.More seriously, an extreme situation may rise, which is some users regard a fake secret as the real one.The crucial reason is that, due to lack of design models, the protocol designers cannot completely consider their selfish behaviors when rational users participate in secret reconstruction.To solve that problem, through the formalizations of rational users and rational secret reconstruction game, the influences of rational users’ action order and their chosen strategies about the fair secret reconstruction were analyzed, and then, three design models for the different scenarios, including purely user rational scenario, reputation-based scenario and trusted user-based scenario, were proposed respectively.Theoretical analysis demonstrates that, the proposed models can help the designers restrict rational users’ selfishness effectively, thereby guiding the designers to devise the fair rational secret reconstruction protocols.Additionally, under the guidance of the proposed models, a fair rational secret reconstruction protocol was devised, which indicated that the proposed models were usable.

Key words: secret sharing, rational users, fair reconstruction, design models, selfish behaviors

中图分类号:

TP391

刘海, 田有亮, 唐莹, Jianbing Ni, 马建峰. 面向理性用户的秘密重构设计模型[J]. 通信学报, 2021, 42(11): 54-65.

Hai LIU, Youliang TIAN, Ying TANG, Jianbing Ni, Jianfeng MA. Design models of secret reconstruction towards rational users[J]. Journal on Communications, 2021, 42(11): 54-65.

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面向理性用户的秘密重构设计模型

Design models of secret reconstruction towards rational users

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