基于分布式部分连接结构的多用户大规模MIMO混合预编码

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022008

通信学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 104-116.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022008

基于分布式部分连接结构的多用户大规模MIMO混合预编码

张雷, 王勤

成都大学电子信息与电气工程学院，四川成都 610106

修回日期:2022-01-04 出版日期:2022-01-25 发布日期:2022-01-01
作者简介:张雷（1979- ），男，四川达州人，博士，成都大学高级工程师，主要研究方向为新一代移动通信关键无线技术、物联网技术等
王勤（1987- ），女，四川遂宁人，博士，成都大学讲师，主要研究方向为信息与通信系统、光电信息技术等
基金资助:
四川省科技计划重点研发基金资助项目(2021YFG0151);国家自然科学基金资助项目(62005028)

Hybrid precoding based on distributed partially-connected structure for multiuser massive MIMO

Lei ZHANG, Qin WANG

School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China

Revised:2022-01-04 Online:2022-01-25 Published:2022-01-01
Supported by:
The Key Research and Development Project of Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2021YFG0151);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62005028)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在多用户大规模多输入多输出（MIMO）系统中，针对传统方案受限于集中式部分连接结构和固定匹配相控算法而未能充分利用空间资源的问题，提出一种基于分布式部分连接结构的低复杂度相控迫零混合预编码方案。所提方案设计了多于射频链路数的逻辑天线子阵列，以使每个射频链路能连接多个分布子阵列，从而提供更高的空间分集增益。进一步通过分析相控模拟预编码对迫零数字预编码的影响，并以最大化系统频谱效率上界为优化目标，提出串行最大化用户总体子阵列增益的相控模拟预编码算法。分析和仿真结果表明，所提方案相较于传统方案在略微增加计算复杂度的前提下能显著提升系统频谱效率，且对非完美信道状态信息不敏感。

关键词: 大规模多输入多输出, 混合预编码, 部分连接结构, 相控模拟预编码, 子阵列增益

Abstract:

For multiuser massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, to solve the problem of underutilized spatial resources caused by centralized partially-connected structure (PCS) and fixed-matching phase-control algorithm in conventional schemes, a low complexity phased zero-forcing (PZF) hybrid precoding scheme based on distributed PCS was proposed.The logical antenna subarrays with more than the number of radio frequency (RF) chains were designed, so that each RF chain could be connected to multiple distributed subarrays to provide higher spatial diversity gain.Further, by analyzing the influence of phase-control analog precoding on zero-forcing digital precoding, a phase-control analog precoding algorithm via successively maximizing users’ total subarray gains was proposed to maximize the upper bound of system spectral efficiency.Analysis and simulation results show that, compared with the conventional schemes, the proposed scheme can significantly improve the system spectral efficiency while slightly increases the computational complexity, and it is also insensitive to imperfect channel state information.

Key words: massive MIMO, hybrid precoding, partially-connected structure, phase-control analog precoding, subarray gain

中图分类号:

TN929.5

张雷, 王勤. 基于分布式部分连接结构的多用户大规模MIMO混合预编码[J]. 通信学报, 2022, 43(1): 104-116.

Lei ZHANG, Qin WANG. Hybrid precoding based on distributed partially-connected structure for multiuser massive MIMO[J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43(1): 104-116.

图/表 9

图1

表1

所提方案与传统方案的特点及计算复杂度"

特点及计算复杂度	传统方案1	传统方案2	所提方案
特点	结构：集中式部分连接，单用户模拟预编码：固定相控	结构：集中式部分连接，多用户模拟预编码：固定相控	结构：分布式部分连接，多用户模拟预编码：算法1
	数字预编码：奇异值分解	数字预编码：迫零	数字预编码：迫零
求解模拟预编码	—	—	$O ((K (M - D) (N_{RF} - K / 2) + D N_{RF}^{2} lb D / 2) / 2)$
			次复数加法
求解等效信道矩阵	$O (M K N_{RF})$ 次复数乘法	$O (M K N_{RF})$ 次复数乘法	$O (M K N_{RF})$ 次复数乘法
求解数字预编码	$O (K^{2} N_{RF} + K N_{RF}^{2})$ 次复数乘法	$O (K^{2} N_{RF})$ 次复数乘法	$O (K^{2} N_{RF})$ 次复数乘法
总计算复杂度	$O (M K N_{RF} + K^{2} N_{RF} + K N_{RF}^{2})$ ) 次复	$O (M K N_{RF} + K^{2} N_{RF})$ 次复数乘法	$O (M K N_{RF} + K^{2} N_{RF})$ 次复数乘法+
	数乘法		$O ((K (M - D) (N_{RF} - K / 2) + D N_{RF}^{2} lb D / 2) / 2)$
			次复数加法
总计算复杂度（例）	$M K N_{RF} + K^{2} N_{RF} + K N_{RF}^{2} = 12 288$	$M K N_{RF} + K^{2} N_{RF} = 8 192$	$M K N_{RF} + K^{2} N_{RF} = 8 192$
N_TX=256, N_RF=K= 16			$\begin{array}{l} (K (M - D) (N_{RF} - K /2) + D N_{RF}^{2} lb D /2)/2 \\ = {\begin{cases} 1 024, D = 2 \\ 1 280, D = 4 \\ 2 048, D = 8 \\ 4 096, D = 16 \end{cases} \end{array}$

表1

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基于分布式部分连接结构的多用户大规模MIMO混合预编码

Hybrid precoding based on distributed partially-connected structure for multiuser massive MIMO

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