Android智能终端安全综述

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2016127

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at the security,the layered security system was constructed.Firstly,the devices safety protection based on remote anti-theft,biometric identity verification and hardware security module was expounded.Secondly,network security referring to the wireless security network,virus propagation killing and anti-phishing was illustrated.Thirdly,the OS safety was introduced from the perspective of system kernel,runtime environment and application framework.Fourthly,application security was showed containing the reverse engineering static analysis,behavior dynamic analysis,safety reinforcement and safety assessment.Fifthly,the privacy data protection was summarized including tracking,encryption and backup.Finally,the future development direction was prospected on the security framework and intelligent behavior analysis.

Key words: Android, device security, network security, system security, application security, data security

Yan-ping XU,Zhao-feng MA,Zhong-hua WANG,Xin-xin NIU,Yi-xian YANG. Survey of security for Android smart terminal[J]. Journal on Communications, 2016, 37(6): 169-184.

Figures/Tables 6

References 75

[1]	360互联网安全中心. 2015 mobile security status report[R]. 2015.360 Internet Security Center. 2015 mobile security status report[R]. 2015.
[2]	360腾讯移动安全实验室. 2015年上半年手机安全报告[R]. 2015.Tencent Mobile Security Laboratory. Mobile security report in the first half of 2015[R]. 2015.
[3]	FAUKI P , BHAMAL A , LAXMI V ,et al. Android security:a survey of issues,malware penetration,and defenses[J]. Communications Surveys＆Tutorials, 2015,17(2): 998-1022.
[4]	SEO S H , GUPTA A , MOHAMED S A ,et al. Detecting mobile malware threats to homeland security through static analysis[J]. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2014,38(2): 43-53.
[5]	冯登国, 孙悦, 张阳 . 信息安全体系结构[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2008: 1-14. FENG D G , SUN Y , ZHANG Y . Information security architecture[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University PressPress, 2008: 1-14.
[6]	JANG J , W J Y , MOHAISEN A ,et al. Andro-AutoPsy:anti-malware system based on similarity matching of malware and malware creator-centric information[J]. Digital Investigation, 2015,14(6): 17-35.
[7]	NIKOLAY E . Android security internals:an in-depth guide to android's security architecture[M]. No Starch Press, 2014.
[8]	STEFFEN L , MATTHIAS L . Android security,pitfalls and lessons learned[C]// The 28th International Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences. Berlin,Germany, 2013: 409-417.
[9]	KARI K , ELENA R , JAN ERIK E ,et al. Old,new,borrowed,blue:a perspective on the evolution of mobile platform security architectures[C]// The First ACM Conference on Data and Application Security and Privacy. New York,USA, 2011: 13-24.
[10]	LUBKE R , SCHUSTER D , SCHILL A . A framework for the development of mobile social software on Android[C]// Third International Conference,MobiCASE 2011. Los Angeles,CA,USA, 2011: 207-225.
[11]	HONG Y R , DONGSOO K . Security enhancement of smart phones for enterprises by applying mobile VPN technologies[C]// Computational Science and Its Applications(ICCSA). Santander,Spain, 2011: 506-517.
[12]	KORKMAZ I , METIN S K , GUREK A ,et al. A cloud based and Android supported scalable home automation system[J]. Computers＆Electrical Engineering, 2015,43(5): 112-128.
[13]	PEIRAVIAN N , ZHU X Q , . Machine learning for Android malware detection using permission and API calls[C]// IEEE 25th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence(ICTAI). Herndon,VA, 2013: 300-305.
[14]	SHABTAI A , KANONOY U , ELOVICI Y ,et al. Andromaly:a behavioral malware detection framework for android devices[J]. Journal of Intelligent Information Systems, 2012,38(1): 161-190.
[15]	SCHREUDERS Z C , MCGILL T , PAYNE C . The state of the art of application restrictions and sandboxes:a survey of applicationoriented access controls and their shortfalls[J]. Computers＆Security, 2013,32(2): 219-241
[16]	JUNFENG X , LI Z , DONG L ,et al. Recommendable schemes of anti-decompilation for android applications[C]// 2015 Ninth International Conference on Frontier of Computer Science and Technology(FCST). Dalian, 2015: 84-90.
[76]	SCHMIDT A D , BYE R , SCHMIDT H G ,et al. Static analysis of executables for collaborative malware detection on Android[C]// IEEE International Conference on Communications. Dresden, 2009: 1-5.
[77]	CEN L , GATES C ,et al. A probabilistic discriminative model for Android malware detection with decompiled source code[C]// IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing. 2013: 1-14.
[17]	WANG Y , ZHENG J , SUN C ,et al. Quantitative security risk assessment of Android permissions and applications[C]// 27th Annual IFIP WG 11.3 Conference. Newark,NJ,USA, 2013: 226-241.
[18]	BERESFORS A R , RICE A , SKEHIN N ,et al. MockDroid:trading privacy for application functionality on smartphones[C]// The 12th Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications. New York,USA, 2011: 49-54.
[78]	ZHOU W , ZHOU Y , JIANG X ,et al. Detecting repackaged smartphone applications in third-party android marketplaces[C]// The Second ACM Conference on Data and Application Security and Privacy. New York,USA, 2012: 317-326.
[79]	CRUSSELL J , GIBLER C , CHEN H . Attack of the clones:detecting cloned applications on Android markets[C]// Proceedings of ESORICS. Berlin,Germany, 2012: 37-54.
[19]	ENCK W , GILBERT P CHUN ,et al. Taintdroid:an information-flow tracking system for realtime privacy monitoring on smartphones[C]// The 9th USENIX Conference on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. Berkeley,CA,USA, 2010: 1-6.
[20]	TEUFL P , THOMAS Z , CHRISTOF S . Mobile device encryption systems[C]// 8th IFIP TC 11 International Conference. Auckland,New Zealand, 2013: 203-216.
[80]	HANNA S , HUANG L , WU E ,et al. Juxtapp:a scalable system for detecting code reuse among Android applications[C]// The 9th International Conference on Detection of Intrusions and Malware,and Vulnerability Assessment. Berlin,Germany, 2013: 62-81.
[81]	LIN Y D , LAI Y C , CHEN C H ,et al. Identifying Android malicious repackaged applications by thread-grained system call sequences[J]. Computers ＆Security, 2013,39(12): 340-350.
[21]	HUANG T Y , WANG H , PENG C L ,et al. A new remote desktop approach with mobile devices:design and implementation[M]// Ubiquitous Computing Application and Wireless Sensor,2015, 331: 305-321.
[22]	NAKAO K , NAKAMOTO Y , . Toward remote service invocation in Android[C]// Ubiquitous Intelligence ＆Computing and 9th International Conference on Autonomic ＆Trusted Computing (UIC/ATC). Fukuoka, 2012: 612-617.
[82]	文伟平, 梅瑞, 宁戈 ,等. Android恶意软件检测技术分析和应用研究[J]. 通信学报, 2014,35(8): 79-85. WEN W P , MEI R , NING G ,et al. Malware detection technology analysis and applied research of android platform[J]. Journal on Communications, 2014,35(8): 79-85.
[83]	BURGUERA I , ZURATUZA U ,et al. Crowdroid:behavior-based malware detection system for Android[C]// The 1st ACM Workshop on Security and Privacy in Smartphones and Mobile Devices. New York,USA, 2011: 15-26.
[23]	BELKEDE M , GULHANE V , BAJAI P . Biometric mechanism for enhanced security of online transaction on Android system:a design approach[C]// Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT). Pyeong Chang, 2012: 1193-1197.
[24]	KHANDELWAL A , MOHAPTRA A K . An insight into the security issues and their solutions for android phones[C]// Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom). New Delhi, 2015: 106-109.
[84]	BLASING T , BATYUK L , SCHMIDT A D ,et al. An Android application sandbox system for suspicious software detection[C]// 5th International Conference on Malicious and Unwanted Software (MALWARE). Nancy,Lorraine, 2010: 55-62.
[85]	ZHOU Y J , ZHANG X W ,et al. Taming information-stealing smartphone applications(on Android)[C]// The 4th International Conference on Trust and Trustworthy Computing. Berlin,Germany, 2011: 93-107.
[25]	MA L , TEYMORIAN A Y , CHENG X . A hybrid access point protection framework for commodity Wi-Fi networks[C]// The 27th Conference on Computer Communications. Phoenix,AZ, 2008: 1894-1902.
[26]	WANG D , ZHOU M . A framework to test reliability and security of Wi-Fi device[C]// Electronic Packaging Technology(ICEPT). Chengdu, 2014: 953-958.
[86]	HORNYACK P , HAN S , JUNG J ,et al. These aren’t the droids you’re looking for:retrofitting android to protect data from imperious applications[C]// The 18th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York,USA, 2011: 639-652.
[87]	GIBLER C , CRUSSELL J , ERICKSON J ,et al. AndroidLeaks:automatically detecting potential privacy leaks in Android applications on a large scale[C]// The 5th International Conference on Trust and Trustworthy Computing. Berlin,Germany, 2012: 291-307.
[88]	SCHRECKLING D , POSEGGA J ,et al. Kynoid:real-time enforcement of fine-grained,user-defined,and data-centric security policies for Android[C]// WISTP'12 The 6th IFIP WG 11.2 International Conference on Information Security Theory and Practice. Berlin,Germany, 2012: 208-223.
[89]	WANG Z H , MURMURIA R , STAVROU A . Implementing and optimizing an encryption file system on Android[C]// The 2012 IEEE 13th International Conference on Mobile Data Management. Washington,DC,USA, 2012: 52-62.
[27]	YERIMA S Y , SEZER S , MCWILLIAN G . Analysis of Bayesian classification-based approaches for Android malware detection[J]. Information Security,IET, 2013,8(1): 121-129.
[28]	SHINA S , ANITHA R , NATARAJAN V . Android based malware detection using a multifeature collaborative decision fusion approach[J]. Neurocomputing, 2015,151(3): 905-912.
[90]	TAN G W , OOI K B , CHONG S C ,et al. NFC mobile credit card:the next frontier of mobile payment[J]. Telematics and Informatics, 2014,31(2): 292-307.
[91]	王志强, 刘奇旭, 张玉清 . Android平台NFC应用漏洞挖掘技术研究[J]. 通信学报, 2014,35(z2): 118-123. WANG Z Q , LIU Q X , ZHANG Y Q . Research of discovering vulnerabilities of NFC applications on Android platform[J]. Journal on Communications, 2014,35(z2): 118-123.
[29]	FELT A P , WAGNER D . Phishing on mobile devices[M]. NA, 2011.
[30]	BOTTAZZI G , CASALICCHIO E , CINGOLANI D ,et al. MP-Shield:a framework for phishing detection in mobile devices[C]// 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology,Ubiquitous Computing and Communications;Dependable,Autonomic and Secure Computing,Pervasive Intelligence and Computing (CIT/IUCC/DASC/PICOM). IEEE, 2015: 1977-1983.
[31]	WU L , DU X , WU J . MobiFish:a lightweight anti-phishing scheme for mobile phones[C]// 2014 23rd International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks. IEEE, 2014: 1-8.
[32]	HE M , HORNG S J , FAN P ,et al. An efficient phishing webpage detector[J]. Expert Systems with Applications, 2011,38(10): 12018-12027.
[33]	BASNET R , MUKKAMALA S , SUNG A H . Detection of phishing attacks:a machine learning approach[M]// Soft Computing Applications in Industry. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008: 373-383.
[34]	SHABTAI A , FLEDEL Y , ELOVICI Y . Securing Android-powered mobile devices using SELinux[J]. Security ＆Privacy, 2010,8(3): 36-44.
[35]	SMANEY S , CRAIG R . Security enhanced (SE) android:bringing flexible MAC to Android[C]// The 20th Annual Network and Distributed System Security Symposium. Switzerland, 2013: 20-38.
[36]	AVD Android漏洞库[EB/OL]. .AVD Android vulnerability database[EB/OL]. .
[37]	ZHANG W , CAO C , LIU W ,et al. Vulnerability mining techniques in Android platform[J]. CCIS-13, 2013,52(1391): 535-540.
[38]	STIRPARO P , FOVINO I N , KOUNELIS I . Data-in-use leakages from Android memory-test and analysis[C]// Wireless and Mobile Computing.Networking and Communications(WiMob). Lyon, 2013: 701-708.
[39]	SHAHRIAR H , NORTH S , MAWANGI E . Testing of memory leak in Android applications[C]// High-Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE). Miami Beach,FL, 2014: 176-183.
[40]	ALESSANDRO A , ALESSIO M , MAURO M ,et al. Breaking and fixing the android launching flow[J]. Computers＆Security, 2013,39: 104-115.
[41]	DAVI L , DMITRIENKO A , SADEGHI A . Privilege escalation attacks on Android[M]. Information Security. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010: 346-360.
[42]	BUGIEL S , DAVI L , DMITRIENKO A ,et al. Poster:the quest for security against privilege escalation attacks on Android[C]// The 18th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. ACM, 2011: 741-744.
[43]	DEMERTZIS K , ILIADIS L . SAME:an intelligent anti-malware extension for android ART virtual machine[C]// Computational Collective Intelligence 7th International Conference,ICCCI 2015. Madrid,Spain, 2015: 235-245.
[44]	CHIN E , FELT A P , GREENWOOD K ,et al. Analyzing inter-application communication in android[C]// The 9th International Conference on Mobile Systems,Applications,and Services. New York,USA, 2011: 239-252.
[45]	ENCK W , ONGTANG M , MCDANIEL P . Understanding Android security[J]. IEEE Security＆Privacy, 2009,7(1): 50-57.
[46]	傅建明, 李鹏伟, 易乔 . Android组件间通信的安全缺陷静态检测方法[J]. 华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）, 2013,41: 259-264. FU J M , LI P W , YI Q . A static detection of security detects between inter-components’communication[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2013,41: 259-264.
[47]	FANG Z R , HAN W L , LI Y J . Permission based Android security:issues and countermeasures[J]. Computers ＆Security, 2014,43(6): 205-218.
[48]	SCHLEGEL R , ZHANG K , ZHOU X ,et al. Soundcomber:a stealthy and context-aware sound trojan for smartphones[C]// NDSS. San Diego,California,USA, 2011: 17-33.
[49]	GARCE M , ZHOU Y , WANG Z ,et al. Systematic detection of capability leaks in stock Android smartphones[C]// The 19th Network and Distributed System Security Symposium(NDSS 2012). San Diego,CA, 2012.
[50]	ONGTANG M , MCLAUGHLIN S , ENCK W ,et al. Semantically rich application-centric security in Android[C]// In ACSAC '09.Computer Security Applications Conference. Honolulu,HI, 2009: 340-349.
[51]	BUGIEL S , DAVI L , DMITRIENKO A ,et al. XManDroid:a new Android evolution to mitigate privilege escalation attacks[R]. Technical Report TR-2011-04,Technische Universitat Darmstadt.Germany, 2011: 1-17.
[52]	DIETZ M , SHEKHAR S , PISETSKY Y ,et al. QUIRE:lightweight provenance for smart phone operating systems[C]// The 20th USENIX Conference on Security. USENIX Association Berkeley,CA,USA, 2011:23.
[53]	LU L , LI Z C , WU Z Y ,et al. CHEX:statically vetting android apps for component hijacking vulnerability[C]// ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York,USA, 2012: 229-240.
[54]	ZHONG Y , XIN Z , MAO B ,et al. DroidAlarm:an all-sided static analysis tool for android privilege-escalation malware[C]// The 8th ACM SIGSAC Symposium on Information,Computer and Communications Security. New York,USA, 2013: 353-358.
[55]	ENCK W , ONGTANG M , MCDANIEL P . On lightweight mobile phone application certification[C]// ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. Chicago,USA, 2009: 235-245.
[56]	NAUMAN M , KHAN S , ZHANG X . Apex:extending Android permission model and enforcement with user-defined runtime constraints[C]// The 5th ACM Symposium on Information,Computer and Communications Security. New York,USA, 2010: 328-332.
[57]	FELT A , CHIN E , HANNA S ,et al. Android permissions demystified[C]// The 18th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York,USA, 2011: 627-637.
[58]	GENEIATAKIS D , FOVINO I N , KOUNELIS I ,et al. A permission verification approach for android mobile applications[J]. Computers＆Security, 2015,49(3): 192-205.
[59]	HOLAVANALLI S , MANUEL D , NANJUNDASWAMY V ,et al. Flow permissions for Android[C]// 2013 IEEE/ACM 28th International Conference on Automated Software Engineering(ASE). Silicon Valley,CA, 2013: 652-657.
[60]	BARRERA D , KAYACIK H G , OORSCHOT P C ,et al. A methodology for empirical analysis of permission-based security models and its application to Android[C]// The 17th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York,NY,USA, 2010: 627-637.
[61]	GRACE M , ZHOU Y J , ZHANG Q ,et al. RiskRanker:scalable and accurate zero-day Android malware detection[C]// The 10th International Conference on Mobile Systems,Applications,and Services(MobiSys). ACM,Lake District,UK, 2012: 281-294.
[62]	ZHENG M , SUN M , LUI J . Droid analytics:a signature based analytic system to collect,extract,analyze and associate Android malware[C]// The 12th IEEE International Conference on Trust Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications. 2013: 163-271.
[63]	ENCK W , OCTEAU D , MCDANIEL P ,et al. A study of Android application security[C]// The 20th USENIX Conference on Security. USENIX Association Berkeley,CA,USA, 2011:1175.
[64]	FEIZOLLAH A , ANUAR N B , SALLEH R ,et al. A review on feature selection in mobile malware detection review article[J]. Digital Investigation, 2015,13(6): 22-37.
[65]	SHABTAI A , FLEDEL Y , ELOVICI Y . Automated static code analysis for classifying Android applications using machine learning[C]// The 2010 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security(CIS). Nanning,China, 2010: 329-333.
[66]	SARMA B P , LI N , GATES C ,et al. Android permissions:a perspective combining risks and benefits[C]// The 17th ACM Symposium on Access Control Models and Technologies. New York,USA, 2012: 13-22.
[67]	SATO R , CHIBA D , GOTO S . Detecting Android malware by analyzing manifest files[C]// The Asia-Pacific Advanced Network. Tokyo, 2013: 23-31.
[68]	WU D J , MAO C H , WEI T E ,et al. DroidMat:Android malware detection through manifest and API calls tracing[C]// Seventh Asia Joint Conference on Information Security(Asia JCIS). Tokyo, 2012: 62-69.
[69]	WEICHSELBAUM L , NEUGSCHWANDTNER M , LINDORFOR M ,et al. Andrubis:Android malware under the magnifying glass[R]. Vienna University of Technology, 2014.TRI-SECLAB-0414-001.
[70]	HOU Y , WANG Z , ZHOU W ,et al. Hey,you,get off of my market:detecting malicious apps in official and alternative android markets[C]// The 19th Annual Network and Distributed System Security Symposium(NDSS). San Diego, 2012.
[71]	AU K W Y , ZHOU Y F , HUAGN Z ,et al. Pscout:analyzing the android permission specification[C]// The 2012 ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York,USA, 2012: 217-228.
[72]	XU R , SAIDI H , ANDERSON R . Aurasium:practical policy enforcement for Android application[C]// The 21st USENIX Conference on Security Symposium. USENIX Association Berkeley,CA,USA, 2012:27.
[73]	ZHANG M , DUAN Y , YIN H ,et al. Semantics-aware Android malware classification using weighted contextual API dependency graphs[C]// The 2014 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York,USA, 2014: 1105-1116.
[74]	ARZT S , RASTHOFER S , FRITZ C ,et al. FlowDroid:precise context,flow,field,object-sensitive and lifecycle-aware taint analysis for Android apps[C]// The 35th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation. 2014: 259-269.
[75]	HU G , LI T , DONG H ,et al. Malicious code detection for Android using instruction signatures[C]// IEEE 8th International Symposium on Service Oriented System Engineering. Oxford, 2014: 332-337.

Metrics

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

方案	方法	隐蔽通道	工作层
Saint	动态，安装	否	中间层
XMAndroid	动态，运行	是	中间层，内核层
Quire	动态，运行	—	中间层，内核层
IPC Inspection	动态，运行	—	中间层
CHEX	静态	否	—
DroidAlarm	静态	否	—

机器学习算法	算法应用特点	算法优点	算法缺点
朴素贝叶斯（naive Bayes）	在统计数据的基础上，依据样本特征，计算各个类别的概率，实现分类	算法简单、高效，对缺失数据不太敏感，误差率小；数据较少时仍然有效	独立性假设有时不合理，影响准确率
支持向量机（SVM）	训练数据分布在N维平面上，通过训练，找到分类间的边界	解决小样本、非线性及高维模式识别的优势明显	对大规模训练样本难以实施；噪声数据影响准确率
决策树（DT）	通过训练数据构建决策树，高效地对未知数据分类	灵活，高效；在面对数值缺失、变量数较多等问题时稳健	难于处理大训练集；对连续性数据比较难预测；易产生过拟合问题
K-最近邻（KNN）	一个样本在特征空间中的K个最相邻的样本中的大多数属于某一个类别	精度高，对异常值不敏感，无数据输入假定	计算量大；样本不平衡时，准确率低

Survey of security for Android smart terminal

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 6

References 75

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Recommended 0

[1]	Shiqi ZHAO, Xiaohong HUANG, Zhigang ZHONG. Research and implementation of reputation-based inter-domain routing selection mechanism [J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(6): 47-56.
[2]	Haiyan KANG, Molan LONG. Research on network attack analysis method based on attack graph of absorbing Markov chain [J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(2): 122-135.
[3]	Yubo SONG, Qi CHEN, Rui SONG, Aiqun HU. Android application privacy protection mechanism based on virtual machine bytecode injection [J]. Journal on Communications, 2021, 42(6): 171-181.
[4]	Hongbin ZHANG, Yan YIN, Dongmei ZHAO, Bin LIU. Network security situational awareness model based on threat intelligence [J]. Journal on Communications, 2021, 42(6): 182-194.
[5]	Tengfei ZHANG, Shunzheng YU. Research prospects of user information detection from encrypted traffic of mobile devices [J]. Journal on Communications, 2021, 42(2): 154-167.
[6]	Jiawei QIN, Hua ZHANG, Hanbing YAN, Nengqiang HE, Tengfei TU. Research on context-aware Android application vulnerability detection [J]. Journal on Communications, 2021, 42(11): 13-27.
[7]	Xu CHENG, Yingying WANG, Nianjie ZHANG, Zhangjie FU, Beijing CHEN, Guoying ZHAO. Multi-level loss object tracking adversarial attack method based on spatial perception [J]. Journal on Communications, 2021, 42(11): 242-254.
[8]	Tao HUANG, Jiang LIU, Shuo WANG, Chen ZHANG, Yunjie LIU. Survey of the future network technology and trend [J]. Journal on Communications, 2021, 42(1): 130-150.
[9]	Zhiyong LUO,Xu YANG,Jiahui LIU,Rui XU. Network intrusion intention analysis model based on Bayesian attack graph [J]. Journal on Communications, 2020, 41(9): 160-169.
[10]	Peiyi HAN,Chuanyi LIU,Jiahui WANG,Shaoming DUAN,Hezhong PAN,Binxing FANG. Research on data encryption system and technology for cloud storage [J]. Journal on Communications, 2020, 41(8): 55-65.
[11]	Chunfu JIA,Guanxiong HA,Ruiqi LI. Data access control policy of encrypted deduplication system [J]. Journal on Communications, 2020, 41(5): 72-83.
[12]	Zhu WANG,Kun HE,Xinyu WANG,Ben NIU,Fenghua LI. Traffic characteristic based privacy leakage assessment scheme for Android device [J]. Journal on Communications, 2020, 41(2): 155-164.
[13]	Hanxun ZHOU,Chen CHEN,Runze FENG,Junkun XIONG,Hong PAN,Wei GUO. Mobile malware traffic detection approach based on value-derivative GRU [J]. Journal on Communications, 2020, 41(1): 102-113.
[14]	JIANG Lyu,ZHANG Hengwei,WANG Jindong. Optimal strategy selection method for moving target defense based on signaling game [J]. Journal on Communications, 2019, 40(6): 128-137.
[15]	Xinyu WANG,Ben NIU,Fenghua LI,Kun HE. Risk assessing and privacy-preserving scheme for privacy leakage in APP [J]. Journal on Communications, 2019, 40(5): 13-23.