V2X多节点协同分布式卸载策略

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022029

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to cope with the dynamic changes of the offloading environment for computing resource-intensive and separable tasks in Internet of vehicle and deal with the problem that different collaborative nodes had different communication and computing resources, a distributed offloading strategy that multiple collaborative nodes had serial offloading mode and parallel computing mode in vehicle to everything (V2X) scenario was proposed.Utilizing the predictable motion trajectories of vehicle, the tasks were split into unequal parts, finally each part was computed on itself, mobile edge server, and vehicles in parallel.Then an optimization problem of the system time delay minimization was established.To solve the optimization problem, an offloading scheme based on the game theory was designed to determine the serial offloading execution order of the cooperative nodes.Considering the dynamic characteristics of Internet of vehicles, a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm was adopted to optimally split tasks.Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively reduce system delay, and when multiple cooperative nodes offload in parallel, the proposed strategy can still maintain the stable system performance under the different parameter conditions.

Key words: edge computing, predictable trajectory, unequal splitting of tasks, distributed offloading

CLC Number:

TN92

Dun CAO, Yingbao ZHANG, Dian ZOU, Jin WANG, Qiang TANG, Baofeng JI. Multi-node cooperative distributed offloading strategy in V2X scenario[J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43(2): 185-195.

Figures/Tables 8

变量	含义
N	RSU覆盖范围内的车辆数
v_i	第i辆车
n	宿主车辆通信范围内车辆数
x_α	车辆v_α对应二维坐标中的横坐标值
y_α	车辆v_α对应二维坐标中的纵坐标值
$f_{i, j}^{off}$	协同节点m_i,j的计算能力
$D_{i, j}^{off}$	宿主车辆v_i卸载给协同节点m_i,j的任务量
$f_{i}^{comp}$	宿主车辆v_i的本地计算能力
$D_{i}^{comp}$	宿主车辆v_i的本地计算任务量
$D_{i}^{total}$	宿主车辆执行的总任务量
$T_{i}^{comp}$	宿主车辆v_i本地计算时延
$T_{i}^{off}$	宿主车辆v_i总卸载计算时延
μ	通信过程中重叠因子
w_r	V2R通信模式信道带宽
w_v	V2V通信模式信道带宽
P	车辆的发射功率
p₁	车辆上传时信道衰落因子
p₂	车辆上传时路径损耗因子
m_{i ,j}	宿主车辆v_i的第 j个协同节点
r_{i ,j}	车辆v_i到m_i,j的上行传输速率
β	权重因子
W	车道道宽
v₀	路侧单元
?_k	搜索步长
$s^{k}$	搜索方向
R	车辆的通信范围

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参数	取值
道路长度/m	900
宿主车辆的发射功率P/W	0.2
通信范围R/m	150
车道道宽W /m	3
道路车道数	4
重叠因子μ	[0,1]
车载单元计算能力/GHz	1
RSU服务器计算能力/GHz	3
高斯白噪声功率ρ₀/dBm	-114
V2V通信信道带宽w_v/MHz	75
V2R通信信道带宽w_r/MHz	100
总任务量/MB	50

Multi-node cooperative distributed offloading strategy in V2X scenario

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