基于博弈论的空时频谱共享：动态接入与惩罚策略

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2023218

Abstract

Abstract:

To tackle the challenge of inefficient utilization of spatiotemporal spectrum resources in heterogeneous networks, a reliable spectrum sharing strategy based on game theory was proposed for scenarios where multiple secondary users dynamically access through sensing spatiotemporal spectrum opportunities.Firstly, secondary users sensed the activity state of primary users through channel sampling and subsequently seek suitable spatiotemporal spectrum opportunities.Each secondary user aimed to access more spectrum resources while preventing quality degradation between primary users.Consequently, a negotiation of individual utilities between secondary and primary users was needed, in order to reach a mixed Nash equilibrium.When the secondary user's transmission power was abnormal, its behavior would be regarded as a violation.Then, a backoff time compensation algorithm was presented to penalize the secondary users, according to the number of violations and active nodes in the network.Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness of the spatiotemporal spectrum opportunities sharing strategy with the penalty mechanism.

Key words: cognitive radio network, spatiotemporal spectrum opportunity, mixed Nash equilibrium, backoff time compensation

CLC Number:

TN929.5

Yangyang NIU, Zhiqing WEI, Zhiyong FENG. Space-time spectrum sharing based on game theory:dynamic access and penalty strategy[J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(12): 28-38.

Figures/Tables 10

效用函数	PU（捕获SU）	PU（未捕获SU）
SU（欺骗）	$- T M_{1} p_{0}, 0$	$K_{τ} (1 - p_{0}) \frac{\log (1 + \frac{\frac{P_{s}}{r^{α}}}{\frac{P_{0}}{l^{α}} + σ_{ω}^{2}})}{\log (1 + \frac{\frac{P_{s}}{r^{α}}}{σ_{ω}^{2}})} - T M_{1} p_{0}, - c_{p} M_{1}$
SU（未欺骗）	$- T M_{1} p_{0}, - c_{s}$	0，0

效用函数	PU（捕获SU）	PU（未捕获SU）
SU（欺骗）	$- T M_{2} p_{0}, 0$	$K_{τ} (1 - p_{0}) \frac{\log (1 + \frac{\frac{P_{s}}{r^{α_{1}}}}{\frac{P_{0}}{l^{α_{1}}} + σ_{ω}^{2}})}{\log (1 + \frac{\frac{P_{s}}{r^{α_{1}}}}{σ_{ω}^{2}})} - T M_{2} p_{0}, - c_{p} M_{2}$
SU（未欺骗）	$- T M_{2} p_{0}, 0$	0，0

References 31

[1]	FRAGKIADAKIS A G , TRAGOS E Z , ASKOXYLAKIS I G . A survey on security threats and detection techniques in cognitive radio networks[J]. IEEE Communications Surveys ＆ Tutorials, 2013,15(1): 428-445.
[2]	FENG Z Y , WEI Z Q , CHEN X ,et al. Joint communication,sensing,and computation enabled 6G intelligent machine system[J]. IEEE Network, 2021,35(6): 34-42.
[3]	杨宁, 郭道省 . 星地融合网络中基于三维频谱感知的空时频谱机会检测[J]. 天地一体化信息网络, 2022,3(4): 67-74.
	Ning YANG , Daoxing GUO . Detection of 3D Spatial-Temporal Spectrum Opportunity in Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Network[J]. Space-Integrated-Ground Information Networks, 2022,3(4): 67-74.
[4]	ALQAHTANI A S , CHANGALASETTY S B , PARTHASARATHY P ,et al. Effective spectrum sensing using cognitive radios in 5G and wireless body area networks[J]. Computers and Electrical Engineering, 2023,105: 1-10.
[5]	孙佳琛, 王金龙, 丁国如 ,等. 频谱知识图谱:面向未来频谱管理的智能引擎[J]. 通信学报, 2021,42(5): 1-12.
	SUN J C , WANG J L , DING G R ,et al. Spectrum knowledge graph:an intelligent engine facing future spectrum management[J]. Journal on Communications, 2021,42(5): 1-12.
[6]	LI Z , CHEN R , SHI J ,et al. A game-theoretic approach to achieve covert communication in cognitive radio systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2023,72(10): 13011-13023.
[7]	ISNAWATI A F . A survey of game theoretical approach in cognitive radio network and 5G-6G communications[J]. Journal of Communications, 2022,17(10): 830-843.
[8]	BHAVANA B , SABAT S L , NAMBURU S ,et al. Energy detector for spectrum sensing using robust statistics in non-Gaussian noise environment[C]// Proceedings of 15th International Conference on Communication Systems ＆ Networks (COMSNETS). Piscataway:IEEE Press, 2023: 414-418.
[9]	SURIYA M , SUMITHRA M G . Overview of spectrum sharing and dynamic spectrum allocation schemes in cognitive radio networks[C]// Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS). Piscataway:IEEE Press, 2022: 934-937.
[10]	WANG B , WU Y , LIU K J R . Game theory for cognitive radio networks:an overview[J]. Computer Networks, 2010,54(14): 2537-2561.
[11]	LIN P H , GABRY F , THOBABEN R ,et al. Multi-phase smart relaying and cooperative jamming in secure cognitive radio networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking, 2016,2(1): 38-52.
[12]	LAPICCIRELLA F E , LIU X , DING Z . Distributed control of multiple cognitive radio overlay for primary queue stability[J]. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2013,12(1): 112-122.
[13]	GHOSH S , DE D , DEB P . Energy and spectrum optimization for 5G massive MIMO cognitive femtocell based mobile network using auction game theory[J]. Wireless Personal Communications, 2019,106: 555-576.
[14]	LOPEZ O L A , SANCHEZ S M , MAFRA S B ,et al. Power control and relay selection in cognitive radio ad hoc networks using game theory[J]. IEEE Systems Journal, 2016,12(3): 2854-2865.
[15]	YANG G L , LI B , TAN X Z ,et al. Adaptive power control algorithm in cognitive radio based on game theory[J]. IET Communications, 2015,9(15): 1807-1811.
[16]	BRAHMA S , CHATTERJEE M . Spectrum bargaining:a model for competitive sharing of unlicensed radio spectrum[J]. IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking, 2015,1(3): 257-272.
[17]	TENG Z J , XIE L Y , CHEN H L ,et al. Application research of game theory in cognitive radio spectrum allocation[J]. Wireless Networks, 2019,25(7): 4275-4286.
[18]	GULZAR W , WAQAS A , DILPAZIR H ,et al. Power control for cognitive radio networks:a game theoretic approach[J]. Wireless Personal Communications, 2022,123(1): 745-759.
[19]	YU R , ZHANG Y , LIU Y ,et al. Securing cognitive radio networks against primary user emulation attacks[J]. IEEE Network, 2016,30(6): 62-69.
[20]	WEI Z Q , FENG Z Y , ZHANG Q X ,et al. Three regions for space-time spectrum sensing and access in cognitive radio networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2014,64(6): 2448-2462.
[21]	ALI A , HAMOUDA W , UYSAL M . Next generation M2M cellular networks:challenges and practical considerations[J]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2015,53(9): 18-24.
[22]	CHEN X , FENG Z Y , WEI Z Q ,et al. Concurrent downlink and uplink joint communication and sensing for 6G networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2023,72(6): 8175-8180.
[23]	ZHANG Z , WEN X B , XU H X ,et al. Sensing nodes selective fusion scheme of spectrum sensing in spectrum-heterogeneous cognitive wireless sensor networks[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2018,18(1): 436-445.
[24]	WU Q H , DING G R , WANG J L ,et al. Spatial-temporal opportunity detection for spectrum-heterogeneous cognitive radio networks:two-dimensional sensing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2013,12(2): 516-526.
[25]	ZHAI C , LIU J , ZHENG L N ,et al. Wireless energy harvesting-based spectrum leasing with secondary user selection[J]. IET Communications, 2017,11(4): 499-506.
[26]	LIU X , JING Q F , JIA Y ,et al. Sensing-throughput tradeoff for cooperative multiple-input single-output cognitive radio[J]. International Journal of Communication Systems, 2015,28(5): 848-860.
[27]	PASANDSHANJANI E , KHALAJ B H . Primary-secondary interaction modelling in cellular cognitive radio networks:a game-theoretic approach[J]. IET Communications, 2012,6(10): 1212-1219.
[28]	ZHENG B , LI Y , CHENG W ,et al. A multi-channel load awareness-based MAC protocol for flying ad hoc networks[J]. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2020,181: 1-18.
[29]	TANDRA R , SAHAI A , VEERAVALLI V . Unified space-time metrics to evaluate spectrum sensing[J]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2011,49(3): 54-61.
[30]	HAN W J , LI J D , LIU Q ,et al. Spatial false alarms in cognitive radio[J]. IEEE Communications Letters, 2011,15(5): 518-520.
[31]	LIN Y E , LIU K H , HSIEH H Y . On using interference-aware spectrum sensing for dynamic spectrum access in cognitive radio networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2013,12(3): 461-474.

Metrics

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

参数名称	参数值
主用户数M /个	4
次用户数N /个	10
信道数c /个	15
每个用户接入的带宽/MHz	30
基本惩罚时间T /符号时间	2
频谱检测时间τ/符号时间	1
采样点数K	1 000
小区半径/m	500
MATLAB仿真版本	R2023a

Space-time spectrum sharing based on game theory:dynamic access and penalty strategy

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 10

References 31

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Recommended 0

[1]	Yongjun XU,Yang YANG,Qilie LIU,Qianbin CHEN,Jinzhao LIN. Robust power and subcarrier allocation algorithm for cognitive network based on interference efficiency maximization [J]. Journal on Communications, 2020, 41(1): 84-93.
[2]	Jisheng XU,Fanzi ZENG,Kang LI,Yongfeng LI. Performance analysis of two-way relay cooperation underlay cognitive radio networks based on WIPT [J]. Journal on Communications, 2019, 40(2): 129-136.
[3]	Yan LONG,Xiaoqian ZHANG,Xuming FANG,Rong HE. Resource allocation in cognitive radio network with energy harvesting [J]. Journal on Communications, 2018, 39(9): 67-75.
[4]	Jian-ping LIU,Shun-fu JIN,Bao-shuai WANG. Study on optimization strategy for hybrid underlay/overlay spectrum sharing based on queuing model [J]. Journal on Communications, 2017, 38(9): 55-64.
[5]	Xing ZHANG,Ye WANG,Yi YANG,Qin-yu ZHANG. Cooperative spectrum sensing scheduling scheme based on discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm [J]. Journal on Communications, 2017, 38(7): 175-185.
[6]	Xiao-tong MA,Shun-fu JIN,Jian-ping LIU,Zhan-qiang HUO. Study on energy saving strategy and Nash equilibrium of base station in cognitive radio network [J]. Journal on Communications, 2016, 37(7): 172-181.
[7]	Shu-qi LIU,Yi-ming WANG,Cui-mei CUI. Routing approach based on local topology control in cognitive radio networks [J]. Journal on Communications, 2016, 37(5): 106-114.
[8]	Shun-fu JIN,Shi-ying GE,Zhan-qiang HUO. Dynamic spectrum allocation strategy with probabilistic feedback mechanism and performance analysis [J]. Journal on Communications, 2015, 36(7): 10-17.
[9]	. Proactive spectrum handoff in distributed cognitive radio networks [J]. Journal on Communications, 2014, 35(Z2): 27-202.
[10]	Hua JIANG,Li-chuan MA,Ding-yu YAN,Nan PAN. Proactive spectrum handoff in distributed cognitive radio networks [J]. Journal on Communications, 2014, 35(Z2): 196-202.
[11]	. Key techniques of cognitive convergence networks [J]. Journal on Communications, 2014, 35(6): 22-179.
[12]	Chun-gang YANG,Jian YUE,Jian-dong LI,Min SHENG,Hong-yan LI,Qin LIU. Key techniques of cognitive convergence networks [J]. Journal on Communications, 2014, 35(6): 169-179.
[13]	Liang WANG,Min SHENG,Yan ZHANG,Xiao MA. CAM-MAC: channel aware multi-channel MAC protocol in cognitive radio network [J]. Journal on Communications, 2014, 35(4): 65-73.
[14]	Rui-fang LI,Quan LIU,Ren-fa LI. Spectrum access scheme of MAC layer for real-time traffic in cognitive radio network [J]. Journal on Communications, 2014, 35(4): 35-43.
[15]	. CAM-MAC: channel aware multi-channel MAC protocol in cognitive radio network [J]. Journal on Communications, 2014, 35(4): 8-73.