反向散射通信网络资源分配综述

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2021.00215

物联网学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (3): 56-69.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2021.00215

反向散射通信网络资源分配综述

徐勇军¹^,², 杨浩克¹, 叶迎晖², 陈前斌¹, 卢光跃²

¹ 重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院，重庆 400065
² 西安邮电大学陕西省信息通信网络及安全重点实验室，陕西西安 710121

修回日期:2021-01-08 出版日期:2021-09-30 发布日期:2021-09-01
作者简介:徐勇军（1986- ），男，博士，重庆邮电大学副教授，主要研究方向为反向散射通信、认知无线电、异构无线网络传输技术等
杨浩克（1996- ），男，重庆邮电大学硕士生，主要研究方向为反向散射通信、资源分配
叶迎晖（1991- ），男，博士，西安邮电大学讲师，主要研究方向为认知无线电、携能中继、机器学习和边缘计算
陈前斌（1967- ），男，博士，重庆邮电大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为无线通信与网络
卢光跃（1971- ），男，博士，西安邮电大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为信号与信息处理、频谱感知、大数据分析等
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61601071);国家自然科学基金资助项目(62071078);重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2019jcyj-xfkxX0002);陕西省信息通信网络及安全重点实验室开放课题(ICNS201904);重庆市教委科学技术研究计划基金资助项目(KJQN201800606);陕西省高校科协青年人才托举计划项目(20210121)

A survey on resource allocation in backscatter communication networks

Yongjun XU¹^,², Haoke YANG¹, Yinghui YE², Qianbin CHEN¹, Guangyue LU²

¹ School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
² Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Communication Network and Security, Xi’an University of Posts ＆Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China

Revised:2021-01-08 Online:2021-09-30 Published:2021-09-01
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61601071);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62071078);Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2019jcyj-xfkxX0002);Open Funding of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Communication Network and Security(ICNS201904);The Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJQN201800606);The Young Talent Fund of University Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi(20210121)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着物联网技术的发展，无线网络呈现出大规模用户接入、高功耗、高吞吐量需求等特点。为了满足传输和降低能耗的需求，反向散射通信技术被认为是解决上述问题最有效的方案之一。面对复杂的网络场景，提高网络的频谱效率、系统容量以及节点的能量管理，成为了当前反向散射通信资源分配领域亟待解决的问题。针对该问题，着重对反向散射通信网络资源分配算法进行了综述。首先，介绍了反向散射通信的基本概念，并对不同的反向散射通信网络架构进行了分析；然后，根据不同的网络类型、优化目标以及天线数量，对反向散射通信网络的资源分配算法进行了阐述；最后，对反向散射通信网络资源分配问题所面临的挑战以及未来的研究趋势进行了展望。

关键词: 无线通信, 反向散射通信, 频谱效率, 资源分配

Abstract:

With the development of Internet of things (IoT) technology, wireless networks have the characteristics of massive user access, high power consumption, and high capacity requirements.In order to meet the transmission requirements and reduce energy consumption, backscatter communication technology was considered to be one of the most effective solutions to the above problems.In the fact of complex network scenarios, the improvement of spectrum efficiency, system capacity, and energy management has become an urgent problem of resource allocation areas in backscatter communications.For this problem, resource allocation algorithms in backscatter communications were surveyed.Firstly, the basic concept and different network architectures of backscatter communication were introduced.Then, resource allocation algorithms in backscatter communication networks were analyzed according to different network types, optimization objectives, and the number of antennas.Finally, the challenges and future research trends of resource allocation problems in backscatter communication networks were prospected.

Key words: wireless communications, backscatter communication, spectrum efficiency, resource allocation

中图分类号:

TP181

徐勇军, 杨浩克, 叶迎晖, 陈前斌, 卢光跃. 反向散射通信网络资源分配综述[J]. 物联网学报, 2021, 5(3): 56-69.

Yongjun XU, Haoke YANG, Yinghui YE, Qianbin CHEN, Guangyue LU. A survey on resource allocation in backscatter communication networks[J]. Chinese Journal on Internet of Things, 2021, 5(3): 56-69.

图/表 11

表1

图1

图2

图3

表2

BackCom信号传输模型"

网络场景	读写器接收信号	反射信号	信噪比	优化问题			优化变量
网络场景	读写器接收信号	反射信号	信噪比	最大化吞吐量	能效最大		优化变量
传统BackCom	$\sqrt{α P g f} s (t) + n_{r} (t)$	$\sqrt{α P g} s (t) + n_{1} (t)$	$γ_{1} = \frac{α P g f}{σ_{r}^{2}}$	$max R_{1} = lb (1 + γ_{1})$	$max \frac{R_{1}}{E_{1}^{total}}$	α	功率分配	时间分配
环境BackCom	$\sqrt{P} (\sqrt{α g f} + \sqrt{h}) s (t) + n_{r} (t)$	$\sqrt{α P g} s (t) + n_{2} (t)$	$γ_{2} = \frac{α P g f}{σ_{r}^{2}}$	$max R_{2} = lb (1 + γ_{2})$	$max \frac{R_{2}}{E_{2}^{total}}$	α	功率分配	时间分配
双站BackCom	$\sqrt{P} (\sqrt{α g f} + \sqrt{h}) s (t) + n_{r} (t)$	$\sqrt{α P g} s (t) + n_{3} (t)$	$γ_{3} = \frac{α P g f}{σ_{r}^{2}}$	$max R_{3} = lb (1 + γ_{3})$	$max \frac{R_{3}}{E_{3}^{total}}$	α	功率分配	时间分配

表2

表3

图4

图5

表4

表5

图6

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分类	技术特点	应用场景
WPT	只向设备供电	电动汽车、机器人
SWIPT	同时传输信息与收集能量	Ad Hoc网络
BackCom	低功耗、低成本	短距离RFID系统

网络模型	优点	不足	应用场景
传统BackCom网络	低功耗、系统结构简单	通信距离受限	短距离RFID系统
环境BackCom网络	不需要专用射频源	环境射频信号不稳定、不易获取	无线供电通信网络
双站BackCom网络	减少路径损耗	载波发射器成本较高、不易部署	RFID系统

网络类型	优点	不足	用户场景		优化目标
网络类型	优点	不足	用户场景	吞吐量	能效	最大最小效用
非中继单天线BackCom网络	结构简单	传输速率较低	单用户	[31-40]	[41-44]	[45-48]
			多用户	[49-57]	[58-59]	[60-66]
非中继多天线BackCom网络	大规模用户接入、提高系统容量	系统通信范围有限	单用户	—	[67]	—
			多用户	[69-72]	—	[73-75]

网络模型	优点	不足	用户场景	优化目标
网络模型	优点	不足	用户场景	吞吐量	其他问题
基于单天线的协作BackCom网络	结构简单、提高通信范围	传输速率较低	单用户	[78-80]	[81-82]
			多用户	[83-84]	[85]
基于多天线的协作BackCom网络	大规模用户接入、提高系统容量	能耗较高	单用户	[86-88]	—
			多用户	[89-94]	—

反向散射通信网络资源分配综述

A survey on resource allocation in backscatter communication networks

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