基于可靠多播通信的分布式无线信道最优接入方法研究

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2022.00290

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决分布式网络中多用户竞争与信道时变性导致的频谱利用效率低的问题，对基于多播通信的分布式无线信道接入问题进行了研究。基于最优停止理论，建立了多个多播组分布式无线信道接入过程统计学模型，提出了一种基于可靠多播通信的分布式无线信道接入方法。各信源以分布方式竞争信道，获胜信源通过对比可靠多播接入速率与固定阈值，动态决定是否接入信道，完成信源对所有信宿的可靠多播传输。理论分析证明，该方法可实现可靠多播通信下系统吞吐量的统计值最优。设计了相应低复杂度信道接入算法，算法具有纯阈值结构，该方法有良好的工程可实现性。数值结果表明，所提出的信道接入方法可有效提升系统平均吞吐量。

关键词: 可靠多播通信, 最优停止理论, 分布式无线信道接入

Abstract:

To address the low spectrum utilization issue of the distributed network due to multi-user collision and channel time-varying nature, the distributed channel access problem for multicast communication was investigated.Based on the optimal stopping theory, a statistical model of distributed channel access under wireless multicasts was established, and an optimal distributed wireless channel access method under reliable multicast communication was proposed.Each source competes for the channel in a distributed manner, the winner source determines whether to access the shared channel by comparing the reliable multicast access rate with a pure threshold to complete the reliable multicast communication from the winner source to all the sinks.Theoretic optimality of the method was proved rigorously.A corresponding low-complexity algorithm was designed, which has a pure threshold structure and good engineering practicability.Numerical results show that the proposed channel access method can effectively improve the average throughput of the system.

Key words: reliable multicast communication, optimal stopping theory, distributed wireless channel access

中图分类号:

TN92

王一竹, 张周, 马丕明, 任保全. 基于可靠多播通信的分布式无线信道最优接入方法研究[J]. 物联网学报, 2022, 6(4): 14-26.

Yizhu WANG, Zhou ZHANG, Piming MA, Baoquan REN. Research on optimal channel access method for distributed wireless network based on reliable multicast communication[J]. Chinese Journal on Internet of Things, 2022, 6(4): 14-26.

图/表 12

图1

图2

图3

表1

网络参数配置"

参数名称	数值	单位
多播组数K	10	个
组内信宿数M	5	个
信道衰落类型	瑞利衰落、块衰落
信噪比 $σ_{h}^{2}$	1～19	dB
带宽	20	MHz
信息速率阶数V	6	个
空闲时隙时长δ	25	μs
RTS包时长 $τ_{RTS}$	50	μs
CTS包时长 $τ_{CTS}$	50	μs
ACK包时长 $τ_{ACK}$	50	μs
信道接入时间 $τ_{d}$	5、10、30	ms

表1

表2

图4

表3

图5

图6

图7

表4

最优信道接入方法对系统平均吞吐量的提升比例"

	$σ_{h}^{2}$	1	3	5	7	9	11	13	15
直接停止接入方法	τ_d=5 ms	95%	63%	50%	38%	29%	23%	19%	14%
	τ_d=30 ms	221%	152%	115%	89%	80%	61%	47%	32%
自适应重传可靠接入方法	τ_d=5ms	1 088%	302%	110%	37%	17%	7%	6%	6%
	τ_d=30 ms	2 383%	628%	254%	107%	72%	42%	40%	30%

表4

表5

CSMA/CA协议退避机制下所提方法对系统平均吞吐量的提升比例"

	$σ_{h}^{2}$	1	3	5	7	9	11	13	15
直接停止接入方法	τ_d=5 ms	182%	114%	101%	57%	50%	43%	41%	28%
	τ_d=30 ms	388%	220%	167%	135%	124%	86%	70%	44%
自适应重传可靠接入方法	τ_d=5 ms	1 397%	344%	155%	52%	26%	18%	16%	15%
	τ_d=30 ms	2 739%	661%	387%	121%	86%	52%	49%	36%

表5

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k	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
p_k	0.1	0.3	0.5	0.2	0.5	0.4	0.8	0.1	0.2	0.4

	R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆
速率/(Mbit·s^-1)	6.5	13.0	19.5	26.0	39.0	52.0
调制方式与码率	BPSK1/2	QPSK1/2	QPSK3/4	16QAM1/2	16QAM3/4	64QAM2/3
信噪比阈值γ/dB	0.25	0.57	0.97	1.46	2.86	5.06