人体局域网技术需求与挑战

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2018.00059

Abstract

Abstract:

With the development of ubiquitous networks and huge requirements of tele-medicine,an emerged new technology of body area network (BAN) has attracted extensive attention.BAN system could be used for medical,personal health and entertainment applications by implanting wireless sensors into or around the human body,which realized real-time detection and diagnosis of physical vital signs.However,BAN had more stringent requirements on power consumption,quality of service (QoS),security performance and other specifications.Based on its technological requirements,the research status and development trends of key technologies were discussed deeply,such as information perception of vital signs,wireless transmission,information security and integrated circuit design,and the faced challenges in applications were analyzed.

Key words: body area network, information perception of vital signs, wireless transmission technology

CLC Number:

TP393

Jinzhao LIN,Tong BAI,Guoquan LI,Yu PANG. Technological requirements and challenges of body area networks[J]. Chinese Journal on Internet of Things, 2018, 2(3): 11-20.

Figures/Tables 16

References 55

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应用	传输速率	节点数	建立时间	点对点时延	误码率	占空比	电池寿命
心电	72 kbit/s	<6	<3 s	<250 ms	<10^?10	<10%	>1周
脑电	86.4 kbit/s	<6	<3 s	<250 ms	<10^?10	<10%	>1周
肌电	1.54 Mbit/s	<6	<3 s	<250 ms	<10^?10	<10%	>1周
温度/呼吸/验血糖/加速度	<10 kbit/s	<12	<3 s	<250 ms	<10^?10	<10%	>1周
声音	1 Mbit/s	3	<3 s	<100 ms	<10^?5	<50%	>24 h
成像	<10 Mbit/s	2	<3 s	<100 ms	<10^?5	<50%	>12 h

	其他802标准	BAN
构型	802.15.3/802.15.4	一个可伸缩的、具有可靠发送的MAC
功耗	低功耗	超低功耗
电源	常规电源	电池供电
QoS	低时延	低时延、高占空比
频段	ISM频段	医疗组织提供的人体内及体表频带
信道	空气	空气?体表?体内
人体安全	无	符合要求的（如特定吸收率）

特征	要求	范围要求
工作距离	体内?体表?身体四周	通常限制在3 m以内
高峰能耗	超低	睡眠模式中μW级别，完全工作模式可达30 mW
数据率	可伸缩	从1 kbit/s到10 Mbit/s
频带宽度	医疗频带和国际认证频带	MedRadio、ISM、WMTS、UWB
MAC	可伸缩的、可靠的、通用的、自发形成的	LPL机制、唤醒模式、翻转和同步
拓扑结构	星型、网状、树型	自形成分布、支持多条
QoS	实时的波形数据、周期参数数据、紧急警报数据和突发情况数据	误码率：10^?10～10^?3，点对点时延：10～250 ms,支持优先级
环境	体遮蔽（扭动、转动、运动）、衰减	传感节点移入移出各自范围的无痕操作
安全	各种级别	认证、授权、隐私权、保密性、数据加密、信息完整性
安全性/生物相容性	不会因长期使用而产生有害影响	满足标准要求
重新设计、标准化、用户化	个性化、体积小、环境识别	能够程序重调、重新校准、调制无线设备

帧	S21/dB	帧	S21/dB
1	66.275	6	65.623
2	70.146	7	68.546
3	72.068	8	72.429
4	65.567	9	72.679
5	62.246	—	—

帧	S21/dB	帧	S21/dB
1	132.13	6	112.456
2	119.46	7	131.796
3	113.653	8	142.796
4	98.456	9	152.231
5	93.77	—	—

Technological requirements and challenges of body area networks

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Figures/Tables 16

References 55

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参考文献	工艺/nm	电源电压/V	调制方式	发射端芯片功耗/μW	接收端芯片功耗/μW	最大吞吐量/(Mbit·s^?1)	芯片面积/mm²
文献[26]	65	1.2	DBPSK、DQPSK、D8PSK	1.69	20.46	10	0.069
文献[52]	130	1	DBPSK、DQPSK、D8PSK	9.89	未提供	0.97	0.016(2)
文献[53]	180	1.1	BFSK(1)	34	39.6	0.625	0.31

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