5G高铁无线网建设关键技术与解决方案

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2020170

Abstract

Abstract:

High-speed railway has become a part of daily life.It is very important to provide high-quality mobile communication network for high-speed railway users in 5G era.The technical challenges faced by high-speed railway construction after entering the 5G era were analyzed,and on this basis,the key technologies of 5G high-speed railway network,equipment selection,transmission resource demand analysis were analyzed and solutions were put forward.Based on the above technical analysis,combined with the actual network construction demand,construction scenarios,current network conditions and investment,5G high-speed railway wireless network construction scheme could be formulated accurately and efficiently according to local conditions.

Key words: 5G network, high-speed railway, wireless

CLC Number:

TP929.531

Yanhong JIAO,Tao WANG,Fuqiang LI,Xiangchen MA,Wenbin YAO. Key technologies and solutions of 5G high-speed railway wireless network[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2020, 36(8): 151-159.

Figures/Tables 18

References 7

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速度	频偏
速度	1.8 GHz	2.6 GHz	3.5 GHz	4.9 GHz
200 km/h	667	963	1 286	1 816
250 km/h	833	1 204	1 619	2 267
300 km/h	1 000	1 444	1 929	2 722
350 km/h	1 167	1 685	2 269	3 176
450 km/h	1 500	2 167	2 894	4 083

项目	2T LTE F	2T	4T	8T	16T	32T	64T
设备形态	RRU		RRU			AAU
小区合并	12		6~12			不支持
4G及5G大网其他应用场景	室外补盲TD-LTE高铁	TD-LTE/5G 室分TD-LTE高铁	FDD 1 800 MHz	TD-LTE宏基站	5G宏基站
增益（上行共点位）	2 dB（频段优势）	0 dB（基准）	2 dB（多通道合并增益）	5 dB（多通道合并增益）	接收性能与8TR相比，有3~9 dB的多通道合并增益，但天线增益比8TR+H30的高增益窄波束天线低9 dB，因此与8TR相比，不具有明显覆盖优势

系统	子载波带宽/kHz	终端功率差异/dB	传播损耗差异/dB	上行增益/dB	穿损差异/dB	共点接收信号/dB
LTE 1.9 GHz	15 kHz	0 dB	0 dB	0 dB	0 dB	0 dB
LTE 2.6 GHz	15 kHz	0 dB	-4 dB	0 dB	-2 dB	-6 dB
NR 2.6 GHz 2TR	30 kHz	3 dB	-4 dB	1 dB	-2 dB	-2 dB
NR 2.6 GHz 8TR	30 kHz	3 dB	-4 dB	6 dB	-2 dB	3 dB

对比项	2T	8T
小区合并	支持	支持
级联	具备4级级联能力	标准25GE光口不支持级联

	方案	单站纤芯需求/芯	成本比例	优劣势
方案一（推荐）	25GE单芯双向+星形	2	2	不需要外加设备，工程部署简单，光纤数量减半，规模商用后成本还存在降低的空间
方案二	10GE彩光+星形	2	4.5	额外增加合分波设备，工程部署需要光波对齐
方案三	50GE/100GE+级联	2	6	器件有待成熟，成本较高

Key technologies and solutions of 5G high-speed railway wireless network

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方案	配置系统	适用场景
方案一（高）	900 MHz+1.8 2T + FA 2T +NR/D 8T	极高价值路段全系统部署，NR/D采用8T共模部署
方案二（中）（推荐方案）	1.8 2T + FA 2T + NR/D 8T	业务量较高场景，部署FDD 1 800 MHz/FA/NR/D系统，NR/D采用8T共模部署
方案三（低）	1.8 2T + NR/D 8T	大站间距低成本建网场景，仅部署FDD 1 800 MHz/NR/D（8T）系统
方案四（低）	1.8 2T +NR 2T	业务需求低，投资受限场景，采用5G 2T方案

对比项	2T	8T
天面	2222天线成熟产品，成本低	2228天线，新产品
光纤	8T方案较2T方案光纤芯数要求高，但是在新建施工的部署影响小
光模块	2对25 GE光模块
BBU框	4G/5G共用BBU框
小区合并规划	支持6 RRU以上合并，能力同4G
单站功耗	低	高

对比项	2T	8T
天面	部分天线可直接利旧，其他需替换为2222天线， 2222为成熟产品，设备成本低	全部替换为2228天线，新型定制产品
光纤	2T 设备采用标准 25GE 光口，可支持级联，每个物理站需要配置1对光纤	8T设备采用标准25GE光口无法支持级联，BBU和RRU间可采用星形连接方式建设，每个物理站需要配置2对光纤
光模块	将FAD模块光模块替换为25GE	新增2对25GE光模块
BBU框	新增或替换BBU框
小区合并规划	支持6 RRU以上合并，能力同4G，不需要重新规划
单站功耗	增幅小，电源系统一般不用改造	增幅大，需要对供电能力进行评估

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方案	配置系统	适用场景
方案一（高）	使用8T设备对存量升级	业务量高，现网天线不支持160 MHz的场景，采用8T模式部署
方案二（低）	使用2T FAD设备对存量线路做升级，工程量最小	现网天线支持160 MHz且业务量需求低的场景，直接利旧现有天面，采用2T模式部署